Fluids Flashcards
Moves freely in IV spaces.
Isotonic
Attracts fluids into the IV spaces.
Hypertonic
Decrease in pH due to vomiting.
Acidosis
Increase in pH due to acute vomiting.
Alkalinosis
Abnormal decease in blood volume.
Hypovolemia
Fluid in the plural spaces.
Pleural effusion
Fluid in the lungs.
Pleural edema
Fluid in the abdomen
Ascites
Five fluid solutions used.
Crystalloids, colloids, blood products, intravenous nutrition, hemaglobin based O2 carrying solution
First choice of fluid used for dehydration.
Crystalloid
Four types of crystalloid fluids.
Replacement, maintenance, hypertonic, dextrose in water
Rapid replacement and electrolyte replacement crystalloid fluid.
Replacement fluid
Crystalloid fluid used to replace electrolytes.
Maintence crystalloid fluids
Crystalloid fluid used to rapidly replace IV volume.
Hypertonic crystalloid fluid
Used commonly to infuse medication.
Dextrose in water
Fluid type used to treat shock and various types of inflammatory diseases.
Colloidal Fluids
Examples of colloidal fluids.
Plasma, hetastarch, dextrans
Currently unavailable in the U.S.
Oxyglobin
Most common fluid additive.
Potassium chloride
Fluid addictive used to treat acidosis.
Sodium bicarbonate
Fluid additive used to treat hypercalcemia.
Calcium gluconate
Rapidly leaves IV space to replace fluid deficit in extra cellular spaces.
Hypotonic
Fluid therapy
Fluid therapy
What is the purpose of fluid therapy?
Prevent excessive fluid loss, save lives, replenish fluids
How does an animal get fluids?
Drinking, fluids in food, metabolic water
How can an animal loose fluids?
Urine, fecal water, sweat, respiration, vomiting or diarrhea
How can you test for determining fluid defecite.
Skin elasticity, mucous membranes, CRT, eyes
What percentage of fluid loss is considered shock or death.
greater than 12%
Categories of fluid loss.
Maintainence fluid loss, ongoing, replacement
What rate does a fluid pump run at?
Ml/hr
Drops per ml
Ggt
Signs of fluid therapy working?
Increased alertness, improved CRT and mucous color, decreased skin tent
Signs of over hydration?
Restlessness, nasal discharge, increased body weight, increased lung sounds and tachycardia
What causes ongoing loss?
Vomiting, diarrhea, respiration, fever, hemmoraghe
Measurable forms of fluid loss. (Vomiting)
Sensible fluid loss.
Unmeasurable fluid loss. (Feces, perspiration)
Insensible fluid loss.
