Fluids Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main extracellular cation?

A

Na+

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2
Q

What is the main intracellular cation?

A

K+

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3
Q

What are the main anions in the ECF?

A

Chloride, bicarb

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4
Q

What are the main anions in the ICF?

A

Phosphate

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5
Q

What part of the brain detects hypertonicity?

A

Hypothalamus

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6
Q

Hypovolemia is detected by ___?

A

Low pressure baroreceptors in RA and pulmonary vessels

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7
Q

Hypotension is detected by ____?

A

High pressure baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aorta

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8
Q

Which electrolyte is responsible for most of the osmotically active particles that contribute to serum osmolarity?

A

Na

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9
Q

How does temperature affect USG?

A

USG can decrease as T increases

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10
Q

What is filtration?

A

When fluid shifts from the intravascular space to the interstitial space

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11
Q

What is reabsorption?

A

When fluid shifts from the interstitial space to the intravascular space

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12
Q

What are the 4 forces that Starling identified that work in concert to guide fluid movement across the wall of a capillary?

A
  1. Capillary hydrostatic pressure
  2. Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
  3. Capillary oncotic pressure
  4. Interstitial oncotic pressure
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13
Q

What is the difference between hypovolemia vs dehydration?

A

Hypovolemia = intravascular volume deficit
Dehydration = extravascular compartment deficit

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14
Q

What is mixed venous oxygen saturation?

A

The percentage of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in blood returning to the right side of the heart. It reflects the amount of oxygen left over after the tissues remove what they need

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15
Q

The (number/size) of colloid particles determines the COP, and the (size/number) of particles determines how long it is retained in the intravascular space

A

Number, size

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16
Q

Is 5% albumin isotonic or hypertonic?

A

Isotonic, COP 20mmHg

17
Q

Is 25% albumin isotonic or hypertonic?

A

Hypertonic, COP 200mmHgH

18
Q

How should albumin be given?

A
  • Peripherally or central line
  • Use filter
  • Do not use if turbid
19
Q

What type of hypersensitivity can be seen with albumin administration?

A

Type III

20
Q

1ml of HSA supplies ____g of albumin

A

0.25

21
Q
A