Fluids Flashcards
What is the main extracellular cation?
Na+
What is the main intracellular cation?
K+
What are the main anions in the ECF?
Chloride, bicarb
What are the main anions in the ICF?
Phosphate
What part of the brain detects hypertonicity?
Hypothalamus
Hypovolemia is detected by ___?
Low pressure baroreceptors in RA and pulmonary vessels
Hypotension is detected by ____?
High pressure baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aorta
Which electrolyte is responsible for most of the osmotically active particles that contribute to serum osmolarity?
Na
How does temperature affect USG?
USG can decrease as T increases
What is filtration?
When fluid shifts from the intravascular space to the interstitial space
What is reabsorption?
When fluid shifts from the interstitial space to the intravascular space
What are the 4 forces that Starling identified that work in concert to guide fluid movement across the wall of a capillary?
- Capillary hydrostatic pressure
- Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
- Capillary oncotic pressure
- Interstitial oncotic pressure
What is the difference between hypovolemia vs dehydration?
Hypovolemia = intravascular volume deficit
Dehydration = extravascular compartment deficit
What is mixed venous oxygen saturation?
The percentage of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in blood returning to the right side of the heart. It reflects the amount of oxygen left over after the tissues remove what they need
The (number/size) of colloid particles determines the COP, and the (size/number) of particles determines how long it is retained in the intravascular space
Number, size
Is 5% albumin isotonic or hypertonic?
Isotonic, COP 20mmHg
Is 25% albumin isotonic or hypertonic?
Hypertonic, COP 200mmHgH
How should albumin be given?
- Peripherally or central line
- Use filter
- Do not use if turbid
What type of hypersensitivity can be seen with albumin administration?
Type III
1ml of HSA supplies ____g of albumin
0.25
