Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

patho > Fluids > Flashcards

Fluids Flashcards

1
Q

where is 70% of body water found

A

ICF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the hypothalamus do for thirst

A

blood osmolality
molatity is increased, thirst is simulated
Low BP, low blood volume, thirst mechanism stimulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is considered fluid in intake measure

A

fluids (water, clear liquids), jello, soup, ice cream, IV fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

obligatory urine output

A

minimum requirement body must void
400-600 ml/day
20-30 ml/hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

insensible water loss

A

immeasurable loss through respiration, feces, skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

High BP and fluids

A

High BP, high blood volume, high fluid
Voiding brings fluid out and lowers BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure

A

higher concentration of colloids inside tissues attract fluids towards themselves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Blood colloid osmotic pressure

A

greater concentration of colloids at the venule end draws fluid into the intravascular space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

osmotic pressure

A

pressure of fluid moving across the semipermeable membrane
exerted by electrolytes, mainly sodium and plasma proteins
pulls water into bloodstream from ICF and ISF
Opposes hydrostatic pressure towards inside the capillary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

hydrostatic pressure

A

pushing force exerted by water in the bloodstream
Ex: heart pumping is hydrostatic
outward force that pushes water through capillary membrane pores into ISF and ICF compartments
Increased–> more fluid will be forced from capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

colloid oncotic pressure

A

pulls fluid back from capillaries or prevents them from leaving
force exerted specifically by albumin in the bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do people lose colloids

A

By being malnourished

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is albumin in the bloodstream indicative of

A

the protein nutrition status of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can hypoalbuminemia cause and why

A

edema because low oncotic pressure, lower than hydrostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

osmolarity

A

the concentration of osmoles of solute per liters of solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is fluid homeostasis maintained

A

Osmoreceptors
Sensation of thirst in the hypothalamus
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Sysyem: aldosterone releases sodium
ADH
natriuretic hormones

17
Q

Third space loss

A

Intestinal obstruction
Ascites
Edema
Burns for the first few days

18
Q

Weight loss due to fluid volume deficit

A

Mild 2%
Moderate 2-5%
Severe 6%

19
Q

Urine in fluid volume deficit

A

Decreased output
increased BUN and hematocrit

20
Q

Vascular system in fluid deficit

A

Tachycardia
Pulses are +1
Postural hypotension
Prolonged capillary refill
Hypotension and shock

21
Q

Face and skin in fluid deficit

A

Depressed fontanelle in infants
sunken eyes
Dry/ cracked mucous membranes
No tears, dry eyes
Dry skin
Increased body temp

22
Q

Liver in fluid excess

A

renal disease
increased corticosteroid levels
CHF
Cirrhosis in the liver

23
Q

How does pulmonary edema manifest

A

SOB
rales
Dyspnea
Cough
Frothy sputum

24
Q

Hydrostatic pressure and osmotic force in fluid excess

A

Elevated hydrostatic due to excess water
Diminished osmotic because of low amount of solutes

25
Q

Effusion

A

When you are ill, fluid gets in body cavities–> third space accumulation of fluids

26
Q

How many liters of fluid is edema evident

A

2.5-3

27
Q

colloid pressure in edema

A

decreased

28
Q

Syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)

A

ADH acts as nephron causing water reabsorption into bloodstream, diluting the blood and causing dilutional hyponatremia

29
Q

Two typed of Diabetes Insipidus

A

Neurologic (aka central) nephrogenic
Patients can’t concentrate their urine leading to hypertonic and hyperosmolar dehydration

30
Q

Neurologic Diabetes insipidus

A

Caused by ADH deficiency
Most commonly seen after TBI (head trauma)

31
Q

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

A

caused by decreased response of kidneys to ADH

patho (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions