Fluid Therapy Flashcards
% of body weight thats water?
60%
ECF vol?
1/3 of TBW
ICF vol?
2/3 of TBW
ECF can be split into?
Interstitial - 3/4 ECF
plasma - 1/4 ECF
6 needs for fluid therapy
- fluid loss
- fluid resuscitation
- inducing diuresis
- acid/base problems
- deliver agents
- parenteral nutrition
Ways to lose fluid?
bleeding, vom, dia, pooling in 3rd space, not having access to water
What is fluid resuscitation and when is it needed?
to re-expand intravascular volume
- from loss of vasomotor tone (vasodilation) - anaesthesia, anaphylaxis, sepsis, hypovolaemia
What is parenteral nutrition?
when cant provide enteral nutrition - mix of AA, conc dextrose, lipis
- can be total or partial
How can fluids be defined?
tonicity , reason for them (replacement / maintenance), what they contain
Two main different types of fluid?
Crystalloid - small paticals - electrolytes, glucose, buffers. can distribute rapidly among all fluid compartments
Colloid- contains larger particles so cant diffuse out, stay in vessels and increase COP so need smaller volume. Natural e.g is blood products
Differences in tonicity of fluid
Isotonic
Hypotonic - dilutes blood - fluid into cells
Hypertonic - concentrates blood - fluid out of cells (decrease oedema)
What section of fluid is lost with dehydration?
Interstitial (between 5-12%) Give fluid slowly over 24 - 48 hr so distributes
What section of fluid is lost with hypovolaemia?
Plasma - give fluid bolus rapidly
When giving fluids how do you calculate whats needed?
% lost
maintenance
ongoing losses
if an animal is 10% dehydrated how much fluid do you need to give them?
10% x body weight
