Antimicrobial therapy Flashcards
What are the 4 quadrants?
G+ve aerobes
G - ve aerboes
obligate anaerobes
penicillinase producing staph
What are the atypical bacteria?
rickettsia borrelia mycoplasma bartonella chlamydia mycobacterium
G +ve aerobe example and what has no activity?
strep
enterococci
aminoglycosides
meronidazole
What works for g+ve aerobes?
penicillin G aminopenicillins cephalosporins lincosamides / macrolides tetracyclines rifampin (fluoroquinolones)
G -ve example and what has no activity?
e.coli
pasturealla
pseudomonas
helicobacter
metronidazole
penicillin G
lincosamides / macrolides
what works for g-ve aerobes?
fluoroquinolones aminoglycosides 2nd/3rd generation cephalosporins ticarcillin - clavulante (amoxy - clav)
obligate anaerobes example and what has no activity?
clostridia
fluoroquinolones
aminoglycosides
what works for obligate anaerobes?
penicillin G amoxy-clav clindamycin metronidazole chloramphenicol rifampin
penicillinase producing staph example and what has no activity?
s.pseudointermedius
penicillin G
aminopenicillins
metronidazole
what works for penicillinase producing staph?
amoxy-clav 1st / 2nd gen cephalosporins cloxacillin fluoroquinolones rifampin (clindamycin)
When to use ABX?
- agent been diagnose / likely with the data
- believed to progress without therapy
- would cause critical illness if it occured
- heat , swelling, pyrexia, systemic signs, neutrophilia
When not to use ABX?
- for every problem / dont know what else to do
- vomiting without diarrhoea
- haematuria in cats under 10 YO
- blood in faeces (unless pathogen caused)
What bug is most common on skin? urinary tract? liver? GIT? bronchi? pneumonia? cat? horse?
skin - staph UT - e.coli from gut / staph from skin liver - from GIT GIT - G-ve anaerobes bronchi - bordatella pneumonia - anything cat - mycobacteria in skin wounds horse - strep common
What is MIC?
minimum inhibitory concentration
the lowest conc of a drug that will inhibit bacterial growth
What are the 4 main classes of ABX?
inhibit cell wall synthesis
inhibit cell membrane function
inhibit protein synthesis
inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
