Fluid Electrolyte part 1

Question 1

An 82 year old patient presents to the ED with a calcium level of 15 mg/dL. Patients wife states that he has been taking TUMS for the past two weeks. Which clinical manifestations would a nurse expect to find in this client? (Select all that apply).

Answer 1

A) Nephrolithiasis

B) Hallucinations, seizures and confusion

D) Cardiac dysrhythmias

E) Bone pain and fracture

-Hypercalcemia

Question 2

A patient presents to the Emergency Department with a history of Stage 4 Renal Disease complaining of anuria, and muscle weakness. EKG showed an elevated T wave. Which electrolyte imbalance is this patient likely experiencing?

Answer 2

Hyperkalemia

Question 3

A patient with kidney failure and hypermagnesemia is getting ready to eat their lunch tray that just arrived. As their nurse what foods would you know to be inappropriate for them. Select all that apply

Answer 3

a) bananas

c) kale salad with avocado

Question 4

A 38 year-old female patient presents with decreased urine output, a low-grade fever, and morning lab results show a serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L. Which would be your top nursing priority?

Answer 4

D. Promote oral fluid intake

Question 5

What are the manifestations of a serum phosphorous level of 6.1 mg/dL in a client? Select all that apply

Answer 5

B. tetany

C. dysrhythmias

D. hypotension

E. seizures

Question 6

A patient’s blood test results come back and they indicate a low PTH (parathyroid hormone). What blood condition is this patient at risk for?

Answer 6

A. Hypocalcemia

Question 7

What are the clinical manifestations of HYPOkalemia? Select all that apply

Answer 7

a) Shallow Respirations
c) weakness

d) irritability

Question 8

An alcoholic, pregnant woman, and a diabetic walk into a bar. Which person would you expect to show signs of hypomagnesemia?

Answer 8

a. alcoholic

Question 9

What are the manifestations of mild hyponatremia? (select all that apply)

Answer 9

A. headache
D. edema
E. irritability

Question 10

A patient presents to the ED with rickets, you are awaiting their lab results, what underlying cause would you suspect?

Answer 10

b. hypophosphatemia

Question 11

Who has the least and most amount of water in their body?

Answer 11

• baby = most

- elderly = least

Question 12

Who is at a higher risk for fluid imbalances?

Answer 12

elderly

Question 13

What makes up extracellular fluid?

Answer 13

• interstitial
• intravascular
• transcellular

Question 14

What contains more fluid intracellular or extracellular?

Answer 14

intracellular = 2/3 of total body water 
extracellular = 1/3 of total body water

Question 15

How can you assess fluid volume loss or gain?

Answer 15

weighing a pt