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Pathology II > Fluid, Blood, HA > Flashcards

Fluid, Blood, HA Flashcards

1
Q

Where is erythropoietin produced?

A

Peritubular cells of the kidney

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2
Q

Petichiae indicate what diease?

A

Thrombocytopenia

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3
Q

Lead poisoning anemia

A

Type, facts

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4
Q

What are the important risk factors for arterial thrombosis?

A

Smoking, HTN, high cholesterol

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5
Q

What anemia causes bronze skin? How tx?

A

Siderobalstic anemia – “ringed” nuclei in bone marrow. B6 and bloodletting

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6
Q

Which Thalassemias is often fatal in childhood mediterranean?

A

Beta-Thalassemias major. Small, pale RBs

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7
Q

What is shock? 2

A

Inadequate tissue perfusion, compromised homeostasis (anaerobic metabolism)

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8
Q

Reed-Sternberg cell confirm what?

A

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

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9
Q

Which Thalassemias is less severe and more common in Asia and africa?

A

Alpha-Thalassemias

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10
Q

Causes of Lymphadenopathy.. 4

A

Neoplastic disease, Immunologic or inflammatory conditions, Endocrine disorders, Lipid storage diseases

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11
Q

Posthemorrhagic anemia

A

Type, facts

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12
Q

What is the most common primary bone cancer?

A

Multiple Myeloma

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13
Q

Migraine 5 4 3 2 1

A

Unilateral, Pulsating, Moderate or severe pain, routine physical activity causes aggravation . 1 Nausea/vomiting and/or
Photo/phonophobia

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14
Q

What can cause coagulopathy?

A

Vitamin K deficiency, Liver disease, bad coagulation cascade, platelet abnormality, Meds (warfarin, etc)

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15
Q

Lifespan of RBC is…

A

120 days

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16
Q

What surgury exists for arterial thrombosis?

A

Angioplasty (w/wo stent), coronary artery bipass graft, endarterectomy (plaque removal)

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17
Q

What can cause Petechiae, Purpura, and Ecchymosis?

A

Leukemias

18
Q

Folate deficiency anemia

A

Type, facts

19
Q

Shock final common pathway is….

A

Metabolic acidosis/cell death

20
Q

What are the two types of hemopheila?

A

A: factor VIII deficiency (more common), Hemophilia B: factor IX Deficiency

21
Q

Hemolytic anemia

A

Type, facts

22
Q

Most common HA type…

A

Tension-type

23
Q

What are ocular associations (not causations) of migranes?

A

Hemianopsia, Horner’s syndrome, Normal Tension Glaucoma

24
Q

Amemia of chronic inflammation

A

Type, facts

25
Q

What is the most common anemia world-wide? Affects ___%

A

Iron deficiency anemia. 20%

26
Q

Define thrombocytopenia

A

Lower than the normal 150k -450k platelets per microliter of blood

27
Q

Pernicious anemia

A

Type, facts

28
Q

What is Virchow’s triad?

A

Hypercoaguable state, vascular wall injury, and blood flow irregularity can lead to thrombosis (causing ischemia or infarction)

29
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

Type, facts

30
Q

“punched out” bone lesions indicate….

A

Multiple Myeloma

31
Q

What causes “sea-fan” neovascularization?

A

Sickle cell retinopathy

32
Q

What stage of RBC development does erythropoietin affect?

A

It affects the uncommitted pluripotent stem cell

33
Q

Pernicous anema cause and effect.

A

Lack of vitamin b 12 from Intrinsic Factor deficiency, or genetic disorder. Effect is premature RBC death

34
Q

95% of polycythemis has a mutation at ____

A

JAK 2 locus

35
Q

What is Von Willebrand disesae?

A

Most common inherited bleeding disorder in less than 1% of people. Lack Von Willebrand factor, poor thrombus formation

36
Q

What is the benign shooting pain in one eye and you don’t know why?

A

Ophthalmodynia Periodica

37
Q

Sideroblastic anemia

A

Type, facts

38
Q

Iron deficiency anemia

A

Type, facts

39
Q

What is anemic retinopathy?

A

Flame-shaped or dot-and-blot hemorrhages, Cotton-wool spots, Roth’s Spot (white hemorrhage)

40
Q

Sjögren’s Syndrome are 46 times more likely to develop….

A

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

41
Q

How long does it take to make RBCs?

A

4 days

Pathology II (9 decks)

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