Fluid

Question 1

This is an estimate of the Body composition in a 70kg man
   Protein    =\_\_\_%
Mineral    =\_\_%
   Fat        =\_\_\_%
   Water    =\_\_% 

➢Thus, the largest % of the body weight is ———.

Answer 1

18
7
15
60

water

Question 2

TIME FOR %(TBW=60%)
ICF.  \_\_\_ (\_\_\_L)
TSF.  \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 
ECF.   \_\_ (\_\_L)
ISF.    \_\_.  (\_\_L)
IVF.     \_\_\_\_ (\_\_L)
PLASMA. \_\_(\_\_\_L)
FORMED ELEMENTS. \_\_(\_\_\_L)

Answer 2

40; 28

Negligible

20; 14

12; 9

8. ; 5.6

5; 3.5

3; 2.1

Question 3

Measurement of body fluid

Measurement employs _____________ Principle
The process:
1.Inject known concentration into ________

2. Allow for _________
3. Take sample of the fluid in the compartment after and ———
4. Account for amount ______ or _______

Answer 3

Indicator dilution

the compartment

Even distribution

calculate new concentration

metabolized or excreted

Question 4

Characteristics of materials used in measurement

1. Must be _____ for that compartment
2. Mix ____ in the compartment
3. Produce ___________ effect
4. Remain ______ during the period or amount changed ____
5. Easy to ______

Answer 4

specific

evenly

no Fluid dynamic

unchanged; known

measure

Question 5

Diarrhoea and Vomiting

Causes- Several among which are

i. Enteric – Infection caused by _____ in _______
ii. Psychogenic - ______
iii. ________ ___itis

Answer 5

bacteria or virus

intestinal tract

Nervous tension

Ulcerative col

Question 6

Diarrhoea and Vomiting

Effects -(small or Large?) amount of Na+, K+ and water are ______ of the ______ in the diarrheal stools.

The electrolyte imbalance causes ___ flow of water into the stool causing

       - (hydration or Dehydration?) 
       - (Hypovolemia or hypervolemia?) Shock
       - \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ collapse

Answer 6

Large

washed out

colon

osmotic

Dehydration

Hypovolemia

Cardiovascular

Question 7

Burns

Effect-

Loss of ____ from the denuded area of the body with marked reduction in _______

___eased plasma viscosity with marked (increment or reduction?) in blood flow

(increment or reduction?) in cardiac output

____volemic shock

________ collapse

Answer 7

plasma

plasma volume

Incr; reduction

Reduction

Hypo

Cardiovascular

Question 8

Third degree burns = burns covering over ___% of the body

Answer 8

75

Question 9

Oedema /Elephantiasis

This is the ______ of ______ in abnormally _____ amount.

Answer 9

accumulation of interstitial fluid

large

Question 10

Effect on interstitial fluid

Decreased filtration pressure
Decreased osmotic pressure gradient cross capillary
decreased capillary permeability

Answer 10

Decrease

Increase

Decrease

Question 11

Increased filtration pressure can be due to ??

________ dilation
________ constriction
___eased venous pressure

Answer 11

Arteriolar

Venular

Incr

Question 12

Decreased osmotic pressure gradient cross capillary due to ??

___eased plasma protein level

Accumulation of _______ substances in interstial space

Answer 12

Decr

osmotically active

Question 13

Effect of the following on capillary permeability

Substance P
Histamine
Kinins etc

Answer 13

Increase

Question 14

Interstitial fluid is increased by the following

_______ lymp flow
___eased capillary pressure leading to excessive kidney retention of salt and water
_____corticoid excess

Answer 14

Inadequate

Incr

Mineralo

Question 15

Effect of Increased capillary pressure due to decreased arteriolar resistance on interstitial fluid level

Answer 15

Increases it