FLIES Flashcards
What are the two main suborders of flies?
Brachycera and nematocera
What suborder does a mosquito belong to?
Nematocera
What family do mosquitoes belong to?
Culicidae
Discuss simuliidae
- Black flies
- Eggs/ larvae live in fast flowing oxygenated water
- CAUSE SWEET ITCH
Discuss psychodidae
- Sand flies
- Cause LEISHMANIA
- Eggs laid on the ground
Discuss certatopognidae
- Biting midges
- CAUSE SWEET ITCH
- Live in semi aquatic/ aquatic areas
- Cause skin allergies
- Transmit bluetongue and schmallenberg
Discuss Culicidae
- 2 main groups Anophelin and culicine
- Breed in aquatic areas
- Larvae live in still water
- Culicine larvae hang down into the water and anopheline larvae lie flat on the water
- TRANSMIT: Malaria, Dirofilaria immitis, west nile virus
Describe the transmission of malaria
- The sporozoites in the salivary gland of the mosquito enter the mammal when mosquito take a blood meal.
- Sporozoites enter the liver of the mammal and become meterozoites
- Meterozoites travel to erythrocytes (Red blood cells) and start asexual reproduction
- A mosquito ingests the gameotcytes and cycle begins again
Describe the transmission of dirofilarial immitis
- Infected mosquito bites and L3 enter the wound
- Adult heartworms in the PA produce microfilariae
- Microfilariae in the blood are ingested by mosquito
- Microfilariae travel to mosquitoes malphagian tubules where they develop to L3
- L3 travel to mosquito proboscis
Give an example of an arbovirus
-West nile virus
Describe flies from the family Tabanidae
- Horseflies/ deer flies
- Big, bitey flies
- Large saw like mouthparts= painful bite
- Spread Haematopota pulvalis
Describe flies from the family Hopposcidae
- Keds/ louse flies
- BOTH males and females feed on blood- OBLIGATE ectoparasites
- Sheep ked= Melophagus ovis, transitted through direct contact
- Horse ked= Hippoboscis equina
Describe flies from the genus Glossina
- Tsetse flies
- Vectors of sleeping sicknes (T. brucei)
Which flies are responsible for myiasis ?
-House flies, blow flies, bot/ warble flies
Describe the horse bot
- Gasterophilus
- G intestinalis lays eggs around knees
- G nasalis lays eggs under the jaw
- G haemorrhoidallis lays eggs around the lips
- Larvae are ingested and bind to the non glandular/ glandular border of the stomach.
Describe sheep nasal bot
- Oestrus ovis
- Larvae cause a heavy discharge and thickening of the nasal mucosa which impairs respiration
- If larvae get stuck in the sinuses can cause septic sinusitis OR can even sometimes travel to brain
Describe infections from the flies of the genus Hypoderma
- Heel flies, warble flies, cattle grubs
- Larvae create breathing holes in the hide
- Females cause gadding= frightened adult cattle try to run away from the sound of the fly
Describe flystrike
- Adult flies are attracted to a wound or skein lesion or soiled hair and lay there eggs there.
- Can cause the animal to die
What fly is primarily responsible for flystrike in the UK?
Blow/ bottle flies (calliphoridae)
What increases the risks of flystrike in rabbits?
- Incorrect diets= leading to too many ceocotrophs
- dirty litter/ bedding
- Not able to groom properly
Which species of fly causes rapid and sever myiasis in livestock?
Flesh flies-( Sarcophagidea)
Which flies are under the genus Oestridae?
-Bot and warble flies
Which genus do blow flies belong to?
Caliphoridae
Which genus do keds belong to?
Hippoboscidae
