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Pe- Anatomy and Physiology > Fitness and training > Flashcards

Fitness and training Flashcards

1
Q

Fitness

A

Ability to meet the demands of your environment

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2
Q

Physical related components of fitness

A
  • strength
  • speed
  • body composition
  • muscular endurance
  • cardiovascular endurance
  • flexibility
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3
Q

Skill related components of fitness

A
  • agility
  • coordination
  • power
  • balance
  • reaction time
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4
Q

Purpose of fitness training

A
  • identify strengths/weaknesses
  • talent identification
  • can measure state of health
  • evaluate training/monitor
  • progress and improvement
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5
Q

Categories of tests

A
  • field
  • laboratory
  • maximal
  • sub-maximal
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6
Q

Validity

A

It’s what your measuring is what you want to measure

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7
Q

Reliability

A

How trustworthy something is

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8
Q

Determinants of sports performance

A
  • maximal aerobic fitness
  • exercise economy
  • anaerobic capacity
  • anaerobic power
  • maximum speed
  • sub-maximal aerobic fitness
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9
Q

Submaximal aerobic fitness

A
  • ability to maintain a percentage of v02 max for a prolonged period of time
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10
Q

Maximal aerobic fitness

A

The maximum amount of 02 the body can use per minute

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11
Q

Exercise economy

A

Energy required to maintain a constant velocity of movement

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12
Q

Anaerobic capacity

A

Amount of energy obtained from anaerobic sources in a single bout of exercise

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13
Q

Anaerobic power

A
  • this is the fastest rate at which energy can be produced anaerobically during an activity
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14
Q

Maximum speed

A
  • time taken to move a body part through a movement over a pre-determined distance or speed
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15
Q

Training principles

A
  • specificity
  • individual differences
  • progressive overload
  • reversibility
  • variance
  • over-training
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16
Q

Specificity

A

Training the areas of fitness used in your sport and replicating the movements used in your sport

17
Q

Individual differences

A
  • training needs to be specific to the individual and also the sport
18
Q

Progressive overload

A
  • applying physical stress to the body
    Applying it
    F- frequency
    I- intensity
    T- time
    T- type
19
Q

Reversibility

A
  • process of losing fitness soon after stopping regular training or exercise
20
Q

Variance

A
  • ## seeks to prevent tedium
21
Q

Overtraining

A
  • needs rest and recovery
22
Q

Training options

A
  • continuous
  • fartlek training
  • interval
    -cross
23
Q

Karvonean system

A

(% HRR) + RHR
Low fitness level- 50-60%
Avaeage fitness level- 60-70%
High fitness level (70-85%)

24
Q

Strength

A

Ability of a muscle to exert force
A muscle will only strengthen when forced to operate beyond its customerly intensity

25
Q

Types of strength

A

Explosive strength
Dynamic strength
Static strength

26
Q

Borg scale

A

Tool for measuring an individuals effort and exertion breathlessness and fatigue during physical work
Rates exertion from a scale of 6 (no exertion) to 20 maximum effort

27
Q

Advanatges of Borg scale

A
  • cheap
  • helps you to know when to increase/ decrease intensity based on your goals
28
Q

Disadvantages of Borg scale

A
  • subjective
  • lack of precision
29
Q

Types of stretches

A

Static
Dynamic
Ballistic
Passive
PNF

30
Q

PNF

A
  • muscle is stretched to it’s ,imit
  • Isometric contraction takes place stimulating the Golgi tendon organ
  • this deactivates the stretch reflex
31
Q

Macrocycle

A

Identifies the larger long term objective of the training 12 months usually

32
Q

Mesocycle

A

Identifies the shorter period to achieve short term goals 4-8 weeks

33
Q

Micro cycle

A

Identifies the individual training regime 7 day period

34
Q

Benefits of periodisation

A

Prepare an athlete for optimal improvement
To prepare an athlete for a definite climax to the season

35
Q

Linear periodisation

A

Various major training stimuli are segregated from eachother

36
Q

Non linear periodisation

A

Attempts to address all of the shortcoming by mixing together the various major training stimuli

Pe- Anatomy and Physiology (8 decks)

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