Fish

Question 1

What are chondrichthyes?

Answer 1

cartilaginous fish
(sharks, skates, and rays)

Question 2

What are osteichthyes?

Answer 2

bony fish
(catfish, pike, salmon)

Question 3

What are swim bladders?

Answer 3

two gas-filled sacs located in the dorsal portion of the fish (air or gas bladder)

Question 4

How do swim bladders function?

Answer 4

Allows precise amount of buoyancy
control because they can regulate the
amount of gas with relative ease

Question 5

What are physotomous?

Answer 5

connection (pneumatic
duct) to the gut - ‘gulp
air

Question 6

What are physoclistous?

Answer 6

regulate gas
physiologically in
circulatory system

Question 7

How do swim bladders affect chondritheyes and orinchytheyes

Answer 7

cartilinaginous finsh dont have swim bladder because they move up and down in the ocean constantly

Question 8

What are the caudal fin types?

Answer 8

round,forked,indented, square lunacate, pointed

Question 9

What is the most diverse order of sharks?

Answer 9

The Carcharhiniformes (Ground Sharks)

Question 10

What are the orders of sharks, skates and rays

Answer 10

Rajiformes

Question 11

What are iteroparous?

Answer 11

reproduces several times throughout a lifetime.

Question 12

What is semelparous?

Answer 12

single, highly amount of reproduction once

Question 13

What is hermaphroditic?

Answer 13

possessing both male and female reproductive organs

Question 14

What is protogynous?

Answer 14

having the** female** reproductive organs come to maturity before the male.

Question 15

What is oviparous?

Answer 15

an egg is hatched externally

Question 16

What is viviparous

Answer 16

embryo is inside the mother

Question 17

What are nares?

Answer 17

small sacs which contain smell receptors

Question 18

What are rosettes?

Answer 18

darker spots on their shoulders and pectoral fins,

Question 19

What are ampullae of lorenzini?

Answer 19

electroreceptors, sense organs able to detect electric fields (commonly found on sharks)

Question 20

What are spiracles

Answer 20

small hole behind each eye that opens to the mouth in some fish
used to **take in water **and **ventilate **the gills

Question 21

What are otoliths?

Answer 21

“Ear stones”
allow fish to hear and sense vibrations, and navigate surroundings

Question 22

How are otoliths different in pelagic and costal fish?

Answer 22

fast pelagic fish have smaller otoliths because they don’t need to hear well when they are fast swimmers

Question 23

How to fish swim?

Answer 23

the fish’s body **pushes against the water and moves the fish forward.

Question 24

How do fish accelerate?

Answer 24

muscles contract sequentially along the body to generate a backward-moving wave of body bending

Question 25

How do fins help with swimming and acceleration?

Answer 25

The pectoral and pelvic fins steer up or down. They also help fish turn and stop.
The** dorsal** fin and** anal** fin keep the fish upright in the water
The caudal, or tail, fin adds an extra forward kick to the fish’s swimming.