Fiser.03.BloodProducts Flashcards
Which two blood products do not carry risk of HIV or hepatitis transmission and why?
Albumin and serum globulins because these are heat treated
Name 6 conditions donated blood is screened for
HIV, HepB, HepC, HTLV, syphilis, and West Nile Virus
Name three indications for CMV-negative blood
LBW infants; BM transplant patients; Other transplant patients;
What is the MCC of death s/p blood transfusion?
Clerical error leading to ABO incompatibility
Which blood type is the universal donor and contains no antigens?
Type O derp
What happens to 2,3-DPG levels in stored blood and how does this affect O2 affinity?
Low in 2,3-DPG causes left shift and increased O2 affinity
What is the MOA of ABO incompatibility acute hemolysis
Ab-mediated
What are the 5 S/Sx a/w acute hemolysis 2/2 ABO incompatibility?
Back pain, chills, tachycardia, fever, hemoglobinuria
What are the three complications of acute hemolysis 2/2 ABO incompatibility?
ATN, DIC, shock
Name 3 lab findings a/w acute hemolysis 2/2 ABO incompatibility
Haptoglobin < 50 mg/dL (binds to free hemoglobin and then gets degraded); Free Hb > 5; Increased uncongugated bilirubin
What is the treatment for acute hemolysis 2/2 ABO incompatibility (5)?
IVF, diuretics, bicarb, pressors, histamine blockers
How do transfusion reactions present in the anesthetized patient?
Diffuse bleeding
What is the MOA of delayed hemolysis s/p transfusion?
Ab-mediated reaction against minor Ag
What is the MOA of and treatment for nonimmune hemolysis?
From squeezed blood, treat with IVF and diuretics
What is the most common transfusion reaction?
Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction
What is the underlying pathophysiology of febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction?
Recipient antibody reaction against donor WBCs
How do you treat febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction?
Discontinue transfusion
How do you prevent febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction in the future?
Use WBC filters for subsequent transfusions
Name three symptoms a/w anaphylaxis 2/2 transfusion
Bronchospasm, hypotension, urticaria
What is the underlying pathophysiology of anaphylaxis 2/2 transfusion (2 possible)?
Recipient antibodies against donor plasma proteins OR recipient antibodies against donor IgA when recipient is IgA deficient
How do you treat anaphylaxis 2/2 transfusion (6)?
IVF, Lasix, pressors, steroids, epinephrine, histamine blockers (benadryl)
Is urticaria after transfusion 2/2 hemolysis?
Usually not
What is the underlying pathophysiology of urticaria 2/2 transfusion (2 possible)
Recipient antibodies against donor plasma proteins OR recipient antibodies against donor IgA when recipient is IgA deficient
How do you treat urticaria s/p transfusion?
Histamine blockers (Benadryl), supportive care
