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A&P 1 > First test Module One > Flashcards

First test Module One Flashcards

1
Q

What is anatomy?

A

The study of structures found inside and outside living things

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2
Q

What is physiology?

A

The science of how structures of living things function

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3
Q

What is gross anatomy?

A

The study of structures of features large enough to see without magnification

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4
Q

What is histology?

A

The study of the structures of individual tissues

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5
Q

What is cytology?

A

The study of the structures of individual cells

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6
Q

What is pathological physiology?

A

The study of how diseases effect normal physiology.

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7
Q

What is a body cavity?

A

Hollow, enclosed spaces within the body in which organs are packed

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8
Q

What is the serous membrane?

A

A layer of tissues that forms a thin fluid-filled

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9
Q

What is the pleura?

A

The serous membrane sac that surrounds each lung

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10
Q

What is the pericardium?

A

The serous membrane sac that surrounds the heart

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11
Q

What is the levels of organization?

A

Atoms, Molecules, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organism

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12
Q

What are the 11 major human organ systems?

A

Integumentary system, Skeleton system, Muscular system, Nervous system, Cardiovascular system, Endocrine system,

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13
Q

Explain the major organs and functions of the integumentary system?

A

Major organs: Skin, Hair, Sweat glands, and Nails

Functions: Protects against environmental hazards, Helps regulate body temperature, Provides sensory information

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14
Q

Explain the major organs and functions of the skeleton system?

A

Major Organs: Bones, Cartilages, Associated ligaments, Bone marrow

Functions: Provides support and protection for other tissues, stores calcium and other minerals, Forms blood cells

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15
Q

Explain the major organs and functions of the muscular system?

A

Major Organs: Skeletal muscles and associated tendons

Functions: provides movement, Provides protection and support for other tissues, Generates heat that maintains body temperature

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16
Q

Explain the major organs and functions of the nervous system?

A

Major Organs: Brain, Spinal cord, Peripheral nerves, Sense organs

Functions: Directs immediate responses to stimuli, Coordinates or moderates activities of other organ systems, Provides and interprets sensory information about external conditions

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17
Q

Explain the major organs and functions of the cardiovascular system?

A

Major Organs: Heart, Blood, Blood vessels

Functions: Distribute bloods cells, water and dissolved materials, including nutrients, waste products, oxygen, and carbon dioxide and distributes heat and assists in control of body temperature

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18
Q

Explain the major organs and functions of the endocrine system?

A

Major Organs: Pituitary gland, Thyroid gland, Pancreas, Suprarental glands, Gonads (testes and ovaries), and endocrine tissues in other systems

Functions: Directs long term changes in the activities of other organ systems , Adjusts metabolic activity and energy use by the body, Controls many structural and functional changes during development

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19
Q

Explain the major organs and functions of the lymphatic system?

A

Major Organs: Spleen, Thymus, Lymphatic vessels, Lymph nodes, Tonsils

Functions: Defends against infection and disease, Returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream

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20
Q

Explain the major organs and functions of the respiratory system?

A

Major Organs: Nasal cavities, Sinuses, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs, Alveoli

Functions: Delivers air to alveoli (sites in lungs where gas exchange occurs), Provides carbon dioxide from bloodstream, Produces sounds for communication

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21
Q

Explain the major organs and functions of the digestive system?

A

Major Organs: Teeth, Tongue, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small intestine, Large intestine, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas

Functions: Processes and digests food, absorbs and conserves water, absorbs nutrients, stores energy reserves

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22
Q

Explain the major organs and functions of the urinary system?

A

Major Organs: Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary bladder, Urethra

Functions: Excretes waste products from the blood, Controls water balance by regulating volume of urine produced, stores urine prior to voluntary elimination, regulates blood ion concentrations and pH

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23
Q

Explain the major organs and functions of the the male reproductive system?

A

Major Organs: Testes, Epididymides, Ductus deferens, Seminal vesicles, Prostate gland, Penis, Scrotum

Functions: Produces male sex cells (sperm), suspending fluids, and hormones, sexual intercourse

24
Q

Explain the major organs and functions of the the female reproductive system?

A

Major Organs: Ovaries, Uterine tubes, Uterus, Vagina, Labia, Clitoris, Mammary glands

Functions: Produces female sex cells (oocytes) and hormones, supports developing embryo from conception to delivery, provides milk to nourish newborn infant, sexual intercourse

25
Q

What is the location of the cranial cavity?

A

The space inside the skull if the brain is removed

26
Q

What is the location and nature of the vertebral cavity?

A

Space inside the hollow of the backbone if the spinal cord is removed

27
Q

What is the location and nature of the thoracic cavity?

A

Space inside inside the chest above the diaphragm if all internal organs removed

28
Q

What is the location and nature of the right pleural cavity?

A

Space inside the serous membrane sac that surrounds the right lung

29
Q

What is the location and the nature of the left pleural cavity?

A

Space inside the serous membrane sac that surrounds the left lung

30
Q

What is the location and nature of the pericardium cavity?

A

The serous membrane sac that surrounds the heart

31
Q

What is the location and nature of the mediastinum cavity?

A

Is the space between the right and left lungs - everything that is not a lung is in the mediastinum

32
Q

What is the location and nature of the abdominal cavity?

A

Space inside the abdomen if all internal organs are removed

33
Q

What is the location and nature of the pelvic cavity?

A

Space inside the pelvic bone if all internal organs are removed

34
Q

What is the location and nature of the peritoneal cavity?

A

The fluid filled space in the middle of the serous membrane sac called the peritoneum

35
Q

Typically in science what is the relationship between naming and understanding?

A

Naming predates understanding

36
Q

What verb is associated with physiology?

A

Functioning

37
Q

pathological physiology is also known as?

A

pathophysiology

38
Q

Atoms are used to construct?

A

molecules

39
Q

Molecules are used to construct?

A

cells

40
Q

Cells are grouped together into?

A

tissues

41
Q

Tissues are organized into an?

A

organ

42
Q

Organs are associated into an?

A

Organ system

43
Q

The collection of organ systems is an?

A

organism

44
Q

What is the relationship between atoms and molecules?

A

Molecules are made from atoms

45
Q

What are the two main body cavities?

A

The dorsal cavity and the ventral cavity

46
Q

The Dorsal cavity is subdivided into what 2 other cavities?

A

Cranial Cavity and Vertebral Cavity

47
Q

What body cavity is surrounded and defined by bone?

A

Cranial cavity

48
Q

What fills the space of the vertebral cavity?

A

The spinal cord

49
Q

What main cavity is located on the backside of the body?

A

Dorsal cavity

50
Q

What main cavity is located on the frontside of the body?

A

Ventral cavity

51
Q

The Ventral body cavity is subdivided into what 3 other cavities?

A

Thoracic cavity, Abdominal cavity, and Pelvic cavity

52
Q

What separates the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity?

A

Diaphragm

53
Q

What organ do the pleura surround?

A

The lungs

54
Q

What are the three smaller cavities that are subdivided in the Abdominopelvic cavity?

A

Peritoneal cavity, Abdominal cavity, Pelvic cavity

55
Q

What is the metric system prefixes and their unit?

A

Tera=T=10^12
Giga=G=10^9
Mega=M=10^6
Kilo=k=10^3

Milli=m=10^-3
Micro=μ=10^-6
Nano=n=10^-9
Pico=p=10^-12

A&P 1 (11 decks)

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