FIRST PHASE OF REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITIES Flashcards
What are the two phases of Revolutionary Activities?
- The first phase acquired a more activist form as a fallout of the Swadeshi and Boycott Movement and continued till 1917.
- The second phase started as a fallout of the Non Cooperation Movement.
The first revolutionary groups were organized in?
1902 in Midnapore (under Jnanendranath Basu) and in Calcutta (the Anushilan Samiti founded by Promotha Mitter, and including Jatindranath Banerjee, Bajindra Kumar Ghosh, Satish Chandra and Sarla Devi.)
Weekly Yugantar was started by?
In April 1906 in Bengal, an inner circle within Anushilan (Barindra Kumar Ghosh, Bhupendranath Dutta) started the weekly Yugantar.
After severe police brutalities on participants of the ________ Conference (April 1906), the Yugantar wrote: “The remedy lies with the people.
Barisal Conference.
_______ and _______ had organized a secret society covering far flung areas of Punjab, Delhi and United Provinces while some others like Hemachandra kanungo went abroad for military and political training.
Rashbehari Bose and Sachin Sanyal.
- In 1907, an abortive attempt was made by the Yugantar group on the life of a very unpopular British official, Sir Andrew Fraser (the first Lt. Governor of the new province of Eastern Bengal and Assam, although he had resigned from the post on August 20, 1906).
- In December 1907, there were attempts to derail the train on which the lieutenant governor, Sir Fuller, was traveling.
- In 1908, Prafulla Chaki and Khudiram Bose threw a bomb at a carriage supposed to be carrying a particularly sadistic white judge, Kingsford, in Muzaffarpur. Unfortunately, two British ladies, instead, got killed. Prafulla Chaki shot himself dead while Khudiram Bose was tried and hanged.
True/false?
- False, Sir Fuller
- False, Sir Andrew Fraser
- True.
What was the Alipore Conspiracy case?
- The whole Anushilan group was arrested including the Ghosh brothers, Aurobindo and Barindra, who were tried in the Alipore Conspiracy Case (May 1908 to May 1909), variously called Manicktolla bomb conspiracy or Muraripukur conspiracy. (Barindra Ghosh’s house was on Muraripukur Road in the Manicktolla suburb of Calcutta).
- The Ghosh brothers were charged with conspiracy of waging war against the king - the equivalent of high treason and punishable with death by hanging. Chitaranjan Das defended Aurobindo. Aurobindo was acquitted of all charges with the judge condemning the flimsy nature of the evidence against him.
- Barindra Ghosh, as the head of the secret society of revolutionaries and Ullaskar Dutt, as the maker of bombs, were given the death penalty which was later commuted to life in prison.
- During the trial, Narendra Gosain (or Goswami), who had turned approver and Crown witness, was shot dead by two co-accused, Satyendranath Bose and Kanailal Dutta in jail.
What was the Barrah dacoity?
- In 1908, Barrah dacoity was organised by Dacca Anushilan, under Pulin Das to raise funds for revolutionary activities.
- Rashbehari Bose and Sachin Sanyal staged a spectacular bomb attack on Viceroy Hardinge in December 1912.
- Hardinge was injured, but not killed.
- Investigations following the assassination attempt led to the Delhi Conspiracy trial.
- At the end of the trial, Basant Kumar Biswas, Amir Chand and Avadh Behari were convicted and executed for their roles in the conspiracy.
- Rashbehari Bose was known as the person behind the plan but he evaded arrest.
The Western Anushilan Samiti found a good leader in ______ and emerged as Jugantar (or Yugantar).
Jatindranath Mukherjee or Bagha Jatin.
What was the ‘Zimmerman Plan’?
During the First World War, the Jugantar party arranged to import German arms and ammunition through sympathisers and revolutionaries abroad. Jatin asked Rashbehari Bose to take charge of Upper India, aiming to bring about an all-India insurrection in what has come to be called the German Plot or the ‘Zimmerman Plan’.
What were taxicab dacoities and boat dacoities?
The Jugantar party raised funds through a series of dacoities which came to be known as taxicab dacoities and boat dacoities, so as to work out the Indo-German conspiracy.
Why German Plot failed?
- It was planned that a guerrilla force would be organised to start an uprising in the country, with a seizure of Fort Wiliam and a mutiny by armed forces.
- Unfortunately for the revolutionaries, the plot was leaked out by a traitor. Police came to know that Bagha Jatin was in Balasore waiting for the delivery of German arms.
- Jatin and his associates were located by the police.
- The German Plot thus failed. Jatin Mukherjee was shot dead and died a hero’s death in Balasore on the Orissa coast in September 1915.
“We shall die to awaken the nation”, was the call of?
Bagha Jatin.
Newspapers and journals advocating revolutionary activity included _____&_____ in Bengal, and______ in Maharashtra.
Sandhya and Yugantar in Bengal and Kal in Maharashtra.
Ramosi Peasant Force was organized by?
The first of the revolutionary activities in Maharashtra was the organization of the Ramosi Peasant Force by Vasudev Balwant Phadke in 1879, which aimed to get rid the country of the British by instigating an armed revolt by disrupting communication lines.
