first pack

Question 1

Anatomical position

Answer 1

standing upright, face forward, arms at side with palms facing forward
descriptions of relative positions of structures to one another e.g. distal to (farther from) are based on anatomical position despite actual physical position of the body

Question 2

• Supine

Answer 2

lying face upward in anatomical position

Question 3

• Prone

Answer 3

lying face downward

Question 4

• Superior

Answer 4

above

Question 5

inferior

Answer 5

below

Question 6

• Anterior

Answer 6

front surface

Question 7

o Ventral

Answer 7

on belly side (in humans is synonymous to anterior)

Question 8

• Posterior

Answer 8

back surface

Question 9

dorsal

Answer 9

= back - in humans is synonymous to posterior

Question 10

• Cephalic

Answer 10

toward the head - in humans is synonymous to superior

Question 11

caudal

Answer 11

= toward the tail (end of the spinal cord)

Question 12

Proximal

Answer 12

closer (nearest) to an attached base

Question 13

Distal

Answer 13

farther (distant) from

Question 14

Medial

Answer 14

toward the middle

Question 15

lateral

Answer 15

away from the midline – i.e. toward the edges

Question 16

superficial

Answer 16

= close to the surface of the body

Question 17

• Deep

Answer 17

toward the interior of the body

Question 18

Axial (Central) Region:

Answer 18

• Head/Cephalon
• Neck/Cervicis
• Trunk

Question 19

Trunk divided into

Answer 19

o Thorax = chest

o Abdomen = region between thorax and pelvis

Question 20

Abdomen is divided into 4 main quadrants

Answer 20

4 quadrants 
•	Right upper quadrant
•	Right lower quadrant
•	Left upper quadrant
•	Left lower quadrant

Question 21

Abdomen can also be divided into 9 region

Answer 21

nine regions
• Right Hypochondriac (hypo = under/below, chondr = cartilage)
• Epigastric (epi = on/upon, gastro = stomach)
• Left Hypochondriac
• Right Lumbar (refers to lumbar vertebrae)
• Umbilical
• Left Lumbar
• Right inguinal (refers to the groin area)
• Hypogastric
• Left inguinal

Question 22

arm

Answer 22

branchium

shoulder to elbow

Question 23

forearm

Answer 23

anebranchium

elbow to wrist

Question 24

wrist

Answer 24

carpus

Question 25

hand

Answer 25

manus

Question 26

thigh

Answer 26

femur

hip to knee

Question 27

leg

Answer 27

crus

knee to ankle

Question 28

ankle

Answer 28

tarsus

Question 29

foot

Answer 29

pes

Question 30

Body Cavities

Answer 30

internal chambers in which many vital organs suspended

Question 31

• Thoracic Cavity

Answer 31

surrounded by ribs and separated from abdominal cavity by the diaphragm
o divided into right and left pleural cavities separated by the mediastinum

Question 32

o pleural cavities

Answer 32

serous membranes and cavity associated with each lung

• pleurisy = inflammation of pleura

Question 33

o mediastinum (middle wall)

Answer 33

mass of connective tissue that surrounds, stabilizes and protects the heart in the pericardial cavity, thymus, trachea, esophagus, and some blood vessels and nerves

Question 34

• Abdominopelvic Cavity

Answer 34

below the diaphragm and contains peritoneal cavity

Question 35

o peritonitis

Answer 35

inflammation of the peritoneum – membrane lining the cavity

Question 36

o Abdominal Cavity

Answer 36

enclosed by abdominal muscles

• contains the stomach, intestines, liver, gall bladder, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys

Question 37

o Pelvic Cavity

Answer 37

= area encased by pelvic bones

• contains the urinary bladder, part of the large intestine, internal reproductive organs