Facial bone

Question 1

• Maxilla (upper jaw)

Answer 1

anterior and inferior to zygomatic bone

o orbital surface = protection for the eye

Question 2

o infraorbital foramen

Answer 2

passageway for major sensory nerve from face and penetrates orbit rim

Question 3

o frontal process

Answer 3

articulates with frontal bone and nasal bone

Question 4

o alveolar process

Answer 4

contains superior set of teeth

Question 5

o maxillary sinuses

Answer 5

= largest sinuses of skull

Question 6

o palatine processes

Answer 6

form most of the bony palate (roof) of the mouth

Question 7

• cleft lip

Answer 7

occurs when maxillary bones don’t form normally

Question 8

• cleft palate

Answer 8

• occurs when palatine processes of maxillary bones don’t fuse with one another
  • produces opening between oral and nasal cavities making it difficult to eat, drink or speak

Question 9

• Palatine bones

Answer 9

small L-shaped bones that articulate with the maxillae to form posterior portions of bony palate
o nasal crest – articulates with vomer bone

Question 10

• Nasal bones

Answer 10

articulates with frontal bone superiorly and maxillae laterally
o cartilage attaches to inferior margin

Question 11

• Inferior nasal conchae

Answer 11

paired scroll-like bones attached to palatine bone in lateral wall of nasal cavity

Question 12

• Zygomatic bone

Answer 12

cheek bone (surface anatomy landmark) 
o	articulates with sphenoid bone posteriorly, temporal bone laterally and maxillae medially

Question 13

• Lacrimal bones

Answer 13

sits medially in orbit and articulates with frontal bone, maxilla and ethmoid
o lacrimal groove leads to lacrimal canal formed by maxilla and lacrimal bone and encloses tear duct that empties into nasal cavity

Question 14

• Vomer bone

Answer 14

forms inferior portion of nasal septum

Question 15

• Mandible

Answer 15

inferior to maxilla and articulates posteriorly with temporal bone
o body – extends anterioposteriorly

Question 16

• alveolar process

Answer 16

contains inferior set of teeth

Question 17

• mentalis

Answer 17

chin

Question 18

• mental foramen (2)

Answer 18

on either side of mentalis

• passageway for sensory nerves from chin and lower lip

Question 19

o angle of the mandible

Answer 19

where body of mandible meets with rami of mandible

Question 20

o ramus

Answer 20

extends superiorly from body to temporal bone and superior end contains:
• condylar process (posteriorly) – articulates with mandibular fossa of temporal bone
• coronoid process – attachment point for temporalis muscle
• mandibular foramen – medial surface of ramus
• passageway for blood vessels and nerves supplying the lower teeth

Question 21

Orbital complex

Answer 21

seven bones the fit together to form each orbit and has attachment points for muscles that rotate eyes

Question 22

• orbit

Answer 22

cone-shaped fossa with apex directed posteriorly
o enclose and protect eyes
o contain lacrimal glands, adipose tissue, blood vessels, nerves and eye muscles

Question 23

Nasal complex

Answer 23

bones and cartilage that enclose nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses

Question 24

• nasal cavity

Answer 24

pear-shaped opening anteriorly in mid-line of face

Question 25

o nasal septum

Answer 25

connection between right and left halves

• vomer bone and perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, and hyaline cartilage

Question 26

o superior wall

Answer 26

frontal, sphenoid and ethmoid bones

Question 27

o lateral walls

Answer 27

maxillae, lacrimal, ethmoid and inferior conchae bones

Question 28

o bridge of nose

Answer 28

= nasal bones (medial portion), maxillary bones (lateral portion)

Question 29

• paranasal sinuses

Answer 29

– several bones of the face with large air-filled cavities within them that open into the nasal cavity
o located within frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid and maxillary bones
• lighten weight of bones, produce mucus and act as resonance chambers during voice production