First Aid Flashcards

1
Q

Disease that affects small/medium vessels and causes fibrinod necrosis.

A

PAN

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2
Q

Eosinophillic inflitrate with necrotizing vasculitis of smaller vessels. Associated with? (2)

A

Churg-Strauss. Asthma and Hep B

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3
Q

Patient over 50 with grnulomatous inflammation of vessels, fever and headache?

A

Giant cell arteritis

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4
Q

Wegner’s - type of giant cells associated with it?

A

Langerhan’s

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5
Q

Most likely cause of poor feeding, agitation and cyanosis within first few weeks of life? Other congential heart defects that cause cyanosis early in life?

A

Tetralogy of fallot. (Transposition of great vessels)

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6
Q

Congenital heart defects that present in adulthood?

A

ASD, PDA

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7
Q

Most common cardiac defect?

A

VSD

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8
Q

Infant presents with tachypnea, dyspnea and feeding difficulties. Intercostal retractions and hyperdynamic percordium?

A

ASD

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9
Q

BP drug that is contraindicated if BP is too high?

A

nifedipine

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10
Q

Lab finding in Takayasu’s

A

increased ESR

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11
Q

Class III antiarrythmic that does not cause tosades de pointes?

A

Bretylium

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12
Q

DCM post infection with S3 - Mechanism of heart failure?

A

Viral Myocarditis. Direct cytotoxicity via receptor-mediated entry of virus into cardiac myocytes.

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13
Q

Causes of DCM

A
BCCCDEF
wet BeriBeri
Coxsackie B
Cocaine
Chagas
Doxorubicin
Fe
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14
Q

MoA of familial DCM?

A

Anitbodies to cardiac proteins. Autosomal Dominant

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15
Q

Ganulomatous DCM?

A

Sarcoidosis

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16
Q

Cocaine cases DCM how?

A

Hyperadrenergic state

17
Q

Pt with claudication with smoking hx. What vessel affected?

A

Arteriosclerosis. Arteries (high turbulence)

18
Q

JVD that fails to subside with inspiration but no pulsus paradoxis, reduced end-diastolic volumes, and elevated diastolic pressures?

A

Constrictive pericarditis

19
Q

Cysic media necrosis

A

Degeneration of the tunica media of the aorta, a preexisting histo lesion in aortic dissection

20
Q

MoA of DOC for supraventricular tachycardia?

A

Adenosine. Very short actiing - increases K efflux - hyperpolarizing cell.

21
Q

NE - effect on HR?

A

intropic agent, but vasoconstriction will lead to reflex bradycardia

22
Q

Vasculature that does not vasoconstrict with NE?

A

Coronary Arteries

23
Q

Pt with poorly controlled diabetes and renal failure develops pericarditis. TX?

A

Dialysis. Pericarditis secondary to uremia.

24
Q

subacture endocarditis - microbes?

A

Enterococcus and Viridans

25
Q

Derivatives of Aortic Arches?

A

1) Maxillary Artery
2) Stapedial and hyoid
3) Carotid
4) Aorta and Right subclavian
6) Aorta and PDA on left

26
Q

Sharp high pitched sound in early ventricular diastole, followed by a decrescendo, crescendo murmur.

A

Mitral Stenosis. Sharp high pitched sound in early ventricular diastole, followed by a decrescendo (slow filling), crescendo (fast filling with atrial kick) murmur.

27
Q

Decrescendo murmur in early ventricular diastole?

A

Aortic/Pul regurg

28
Q

Sharp, high pitched sound in early ventricular systole, followed by a crescendo, decrescendo murmur

A

Aortic stenosis

29
Q

Sharp, high-pitched sound in mid ventricular systole, followed by a uniform murmur

A

Mitral value prolapse and regurg

30
Q

Antibiotic for strep viridans?

A

Penicillian G