finishes

Question 1

laminating encapsulation

Answer 1

via a desk top laminator
paper is fed through the desk top laminator and heat sealed leaving a polymer sheet cover on both sides of the paper
with a border around aswell

Question 2

lamination via a surface coating

Answer 2

liquid lamination can be applied with a roller or a spray and can be used for signage to protect from the effects of moisture

film lamination is usually made of pp with an adhesive to make the laminate stick
fed then pressure applied

Question 3

embossing

Answer 3

raised surface
visual and tactile effect
greeting card
2 dies made of stainless steel or brass
female and male
put between then pressure applied

Question 4

debossing

Answer 4

imprinted depression which sits below the surface of the paper or card
2 dies create the impression
greeting cards

Question 5

foil blocking

Answer 5

application of heat and pressure to a metallic paper to create areas of depth and texture to add aesthetic impact
special machine with a heated die similar to the embossing process stamped onto the material throigh the foil transferred as pressed
accuracy and consistency

Question 6

varnishing

Answer 6

clear non pigmented ink used on pre coated papers and boards to enhance the colour aswell as offer protection
only suitable for pre coated papers as they will no soak up

Question 7

uv varnishing

Answer 7

smooth finish but ink must be fully dry before finish applied
machinery will instantly cure
high quality finish

Question 8

spot varnishing

Answer 8

varnish in specific areas rather than whole surface

Question 9

screen printing

Answer 9

textile t-shirts
minimal set up costs
image is created with a stencil
different screen for each colour
screen over the machine bed
squeegee forces in
one colour at a time

Question 10

colour printing

Answer 10

4 colour process
cyan, magenta,yellow,key

line up precisely to make sure printed image doesn’t appear blurred
registration system to ensure final image is consistent quality control QC to check if all colours in correct place

Question 11

flexographic printing

Answer 11

least expensive
fast drying water based inks
newspapers, comics

rolls of substrate rather than sheets
allows a large continuous print

flexible printing plates (expensive,last long time) wrapped around cylinders on a web press ink fed from first ink roller transfers onto substrate

Question 12

offset lithography

Answer 12

versatile printing process
capable of producing one colour, 5,10
medium and long print runs
like books
oil and water do not mix
image area absorbs oil easily non image area absorbs water easily

1 printing substrate is either sheet fed or web roll fed into the printing machinery
2 printing plates are produced by a computer to plate process etching image onto plate
3 ink applied plate cylinder rolls onto blanket roller which becomes coated in ink
as substrate is fed through the image is transferred