digital design and manufacture

Question 1

computer aided design

Answer 1

computers to produce 2d working drawings or 3d colour virtual models

Question 2

advantages of CAD

Answer 2

speeds up product design processes
faster than redrawing
easier for teams of designers to work

Question 3

disadvantages of CAD

Answer 3

initial set up costs
update software regularly
not easy for quick sketches

Question 4

use of CAD to develop and present ideas for products

Answer 4

high quality artist impressions
full colour rendering
rotated and viewed from other angles

run a simulation of what will be machined when a drawings downloaded like a laser cutter
highlight problems
used to show the tool path to then highlight problems like clashes with clamps

indicate support material
multiple copies machines correctly

Question 5

CAM

Answer 5

downloading completed CAD drawings to machines that will cut shape materials

Question 6

laser cutting

Answer 6

high energy laser beam to cut or vaporise material compressed air to blow waste away
2D drawing downloaded on convert to CNC program
control movement of laser in X and Y

Question 7

routing

Answer 7

2d and 3d CAD drawings can be downloaded to CNC routers
sheet materials
blocks

Question 8

milling

Answer 8

fitted with tools to drill holes cut doors or shape the surface edges
move the bed of the machine in the X and Y axis
cutter in Z axis to vary depth
angle cutting - 5 axis

fully enclosed- safety in the work area
automatic coolant which floods tooling with a lubricant

operate quicker

Question 9

turning

Answer 9

involves the use of lathes usually to machine metals in bar form or plastic rods
reduce diameter and length of bar

change tools automatically
flexible manufacturing systems
transfer parts between machines

Question 10

plotter cutting

Answer 10

2D CAD drawings into a CNC program that will use X and Y coordinates to cut out what has been drawn into soft adhesive vinyl

Question 11

virtual modelling

Answer 11

test products before manufacturing
product or component can be put into a virtual model of where it may be used

simulate a manufacturing process
check a product will be machined correctly
whole production line before investment is made in purchasing equipment

Question 12

computational fluid dynamics

Answer 12

some 3D CAD packages
similar flow of fluids or gases in or around a product
vehicular design can be tested in a simulated wind tunnel to evaluate the drag
develop and improve aerodynamics

Question 13

finite element analysis

Answer 13

used compute modelling to carry out component stress analysis
simulate vibration or shock loads on products
potential weak points
to get further development

Question 14

rapid prototyping process

Answer 14

downloading a 3D CAD file to a machine that will produce a 3D model of the drawing
fast way of making 3D models
ceramic tableware

Question 15

3D printing

Answer 15

build a 3d model from 3d cad drawings
slices and guides and extruded through parts
thermoplastic filament
use support materials during
allows to be modelled quickly
can be used to show clients
used for cast jewellery

recently 3D modelling for metals
electron beam melting
medical products

Question 16

electronic data interchange

Answer 16

capturing data when consumers purchase goods
many items with barcodes when scanned hte sale is recorded to have stock limits so replacement stock can be reordered
monitor how many items are being bought
use this info to target marketing

Question 17

production planning and control networking

Answer 17

JIT
master production schedule- products in a made period
products already sold then via EPOS transferred
kanban flow of materials through a system
like nuts and bolts