FINALS - Quality assessment Flashcards

1
Q

▪Relies heavily on quantitative statistical methods
that focus on the final product as defined by the standards set by the producer.

A

quality control

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2
Q

Developed out of the limitations of the QC
approach and defined quality in health care
institutions
by the success of the total
organization, not just individual components of
the system in achieving the goals of patient care.

A

quality process

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3
Q

activities of the management under QUALITY SYSTEM

A

organizational structure,
procedures
processes
resource needed to implement quality management

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4
Q

activities of the management under QUALITY assurance

A

planned
systematic activities implemented within the quality system to provide confidence that requirements for quality to be fulfilled

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5
Q

activities of the management under QUALITY CONTROL

A

operational techniques and activites used to fulfill the requirements for qualty

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6
Q

To ensure that quality laboratory services are
provided, every laboratory should strive to
___

A

obtain modern equipment,
to ensure hire well-trained staff,
to a well-designed and safe physical environment
and to create a good management team

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7
Q

__ ultimately dispels the concept of “good enough” and promotes one of “it can always be done better”

A

Quality Systems Management

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8
Q

Systems approach that focuses on teams,
processes, statistics, and delivery of services/products that meet or exceed customer expectations

A

Total Quality Management (TQM)

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9
Q

Continually look for ways to reduce errors
(“defect prevention”) by empowering employees to assist in solving problems and getting them to understand their integral role within the greater system (“universal responsibility”)

A
  1. Total Quality Management (TQM)
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10
Q

An element of TQM that strives to continually
improve practices and not just meet established
quality standards

A

Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)

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11
Q

Process improvement program that is a hands-on process with the single mantra of “improvement”:

A

six sigma

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12
Q

under the 6 sigma is the

A

improved performance
improved quality
improved bottom line
improved customer satisfaction
improved employee satisfaction

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13
Q

Ultimately designed
to reduce waste (non-valued
activities), which means to reduce cost by
identifying daily work activities that do not
directly add to the delivery of laboratory services
in the most efficient or cost-effective ways

A

lean

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14
Q

Directly addresses the age-old concept “that’s
way the we always did it” and look for ways to
improve the process

A

lean

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15
Q

Frequently referred to as
Evangelist of quality
management

A

Philip Crosby

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16
Q

Preach the need for quality
practices in the book Quality is
Free.

A

Philip Crosby

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17
Q

He propounded that:
(a) quality is free, poor quality is
expensive (b) do thing right the first
time (c) zero defects is the only
legitimate goal of quality program

A

Philip Crosby

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18
Q

Source of most of the
concepts
and
methods
contained in the TQM model.

A

B. W. Edwards Deming

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19
Q

Credited with providing the
Japanese with the information
and training that brought them
to their position as the
world’s
leader
in production of quality
products

A

. W. Edwards Deming

20
Q

Established the concept that quality
continuous
is a
improvement process that
requires manager’s active pursuit in reaching
and setting goals for improvement

A

. Joseph Dura

21
Q

Applied Shewhart’s mulitrule
system to the evaluation of
quality control data in the
medical laboratory

A

James Westgar

22
Q

Professor at the University of
Wisconsin Medical School and
associate director of Clinical
Laboratories-Quality
assurance with the University
of Wisconsin Hospital &
Clinics in Madison

A

. James Westgard

23
Q

nearness or closeness of a result
to the actual value of the analyte when
performing a test

A

Accuracy

24
Q

ability of an analytical method to
give repeated results/reproduces a value.

A

Precision

25
Q

Used to describe and define the items that are
being studied at a particular time

A

Data population

26
Q

It include Gaussian Curve, Cumulative Sum
Graph (CUSUM), Youden/Twin Plot, Shewhart
Levey-Jennings Chart, Westgard Control Rules

A

Quality Control Chart

27
Q

Statistical tool used to measure systematic
error/accuracy

A

Mean

28
Q

Statistical tool used to measure precision or the
dispersion of values around the mean

A

Standard Deviation

29
Q
  • Statistical tool that allows comparison and check
    on the precision and variability of each method
A

Coefficient of Variation

30
Q

may occur by chance at any
time and place within the testing or service
process

A

Random Error

31
Q

error that influences
observations consistently in one direction.

A

Systematic Error –

32
Q

formed by control values that either
increase or decrease for six consecutive day

A

trend

33
Q

*main cause isdeteriorationof reagent

A

trend

34
Q

formed by control values that
distribute themselves on one side or either
side of the mean for six consecutive day

A

Shift

35
Q

main cause is improper calibration of the
instrument.

A

shift

36
Q

Three phases of the testing process

A

pre analysis
analysis
post analysis

37
Q

refers to all the activities that take place
before testing, such as
test ordering and sample
collection.

A

pre analysis

38
Q

The __ consists of the laboratory activities
that actually produce a result, such as running a sample on an automated analyzer

A

Analysis stage

39
Q

__ is comprises patient reporting and result
interpretation. Collectively, all of the interrelated
laboratory steps in the testing process describe its
workflow

A

Post-Analysis

40
Q

3 categories of the
testing process

A
  1. Testing phase
  2. Role
  3. Laboratory Technology
41
Q

The guidance and recommendations given as
minimum requirements pertaining to laboratories of all biosafety levels are directed at microorganisms in __

A

Risk Groups 1–4.

42
Q

Diagnostic and health-care laboratories (public
health, clinical or hospital-based) must all be
designed for Biosafety Level __

A

2 or above.

43
Q

risk 1 group

A

e coli
baccilus subtilis

44
Q

risk 2

A

hiv
s aureus
salmonella shigela
Enterobacteriaceae
all hepatitis

45
Q

risk 3

A

tuberculosis
bacillus anthracis
coxiella burnetii