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NCM 122 and CA 2 > FINALS: PRACTICAL EXAM > Flashcards

FINALS: PRACTICAL EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

IV: Pink

A

D5LR

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2
Q

IV: ORANGE

A

D5NM

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3
Q

IV: D5NSS

A

YELLOW

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4
Q

IV: LIGHT GREEN

A

D5NR

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5
Q

IV: RED

A

D5 WATERQ

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6
Q

IV: VIOLET

A

D5IMB

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7
Q

IV: LIGHT BLUE

A

D5 O.3 NaCl

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8
Q

DARK GREEN

A

PNSS

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9
Q

IV: BLUE

A

P LR

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10
Q

IV GAUGE: ORANGE

A

14; Used in life threatening trauma for rapid resuscitation

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11
Q

IV GAUGE: Gray

A

16G Trauma, Surgery, rapid fluid resuscitation (bolus)

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12
Q

IV GAUGE: green

A

18G Administering blood, rapid infusions, CT scans with IV Dye

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13
Q

IV GAUGE: Pink

A

20G Medications, routing therapies, IV fluids

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14
Q

IV GAUGE: Blue

A

22G IV fluids, Meds

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15
Q

IV GAUGE: Yellow

A

24G Pedia, Elderly w/ fragile or small vein

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16
Q

Hypotonic IVs (DIG)

A

DKA, Increase Total Fluid, Gastric Fluid loss

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17
Q

Isotonic IVs (BAD)

A

Burns, Blood Loss
Anaphylaxis/Sepsis
Dehydration

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18
Q

Hypertonic (SOCK)

A

Severe Hyponatremia
Overload of Fluid
Cerebral Edema
Ketosis

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19
Q

5 MOMENTS OF HAND HYGIENE (2B3A)

A

Before touching a patient
Before clean/aseptic procedure
After body fluid exposure risk
After touching a patient
After touching patient surroundings

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20
Q

Contact Precautions (MCSM)

A

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections
Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection
Scabies
Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs)

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21
Q

Droplet Precautions (mm?)

A

> 5mm
Speaking, coughing, sneezing
Within 3 feet/1 meter

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22
Q

Droplet Precautions (IPMRM)

A

Influenza (flu)
Pertussis (whooping cough)
Meningococcal disease
Rubella (German measles) (?)
Mumps

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23
Q

Airborne Precautions
(TMCSC)

A

Tuberculosis (TB) (?)
Measles
Chickenpox (varicella)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (?)

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24
Q

Antidotes: Acetaminophen

A

n-Acetylcysteine

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25
Q

Antidotes: Alcohol withdrawal

A

Librium

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26
Q

Antidote: Anticholinergics

A

Physostigmine

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27
Q

Antidote: Aspirin

A

Sodium bicarbonate

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28
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Flumazenil

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29
Q

Antidote: Beta Blockers

A

Glucagon

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30
Q

Antidote: Carbon monoxide

A

Oxygen

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31
Q

Cyanide

A

Hydroxocobalamin

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32
Q

Andtidote: Digoxin

A

Digibind

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33
Q

Antidote: Heparin

A

Protamine sulfate

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34
Q

Antidote: Insulin

A

Glucose

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35
Q

Antidote: Iron & Isoniazid

A

Deferoxmine

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36
Q

Antidote: MGSO4

A

Calcium Gluconate

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37
Q

Antidote: Methanol

A

Ethanol

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38
Q

Antidote: Methotrexate

A

Leucovorin

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39
Q

Antidote: Opiates

A

Narcan

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40
Q

Antidote: Warfarin

A

Vitamin K

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41
Q

induces a state of unconsciousness
patient completely unaware and unresponsive to pain during surgery or medical procedures

A

General Anesthesia

42
Q

used to numb a small, specific area of the body, such as a tooth or a small patch of skin, to block the sensation of pain

A

Local Anesthesia

43
Q

numbs a larger part of the body, such as an entire limb or a section of the body

A

Regional Anesthesia

44
Q

Classification and Indication: Adenosine

A

class V antiarrhythmic agent

45
Q

Classification and Indication: Amiodarone

A

prevents and treats a fast or irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia).

46
Q

Anti-tetanus serum

A

prophylaxis and treatment of Tetanus

47
Q

Aspirin

A

mild to moderate pain

48
Q

Atropine

A

hypersalivation, bronchial secretions, or bradycardia

49
Q

Calcium gluconate

A

hypocalcemia, cardiac arrest, and cardiotoxicity due to hyperkalemia or hypermagnesemia

50
Q

Clopidogrel

A

preventing platelets (a type of blood cell) from collecting and forming clots that may cause a heart attack or stroke

51
Q

D5W

A

fluid and nutrient replenisher

52
Q

Diazepam

A

calming abnormal overactivity in the brain

53
Q

Digoxin

A

control the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat

54
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

allergic symptoms

55
Q

Dobutamine

A

hypotension

56
Q

Epinephrine

A

relaxing the muscles in the airways and tightening the blood vessels

57
Q

Furosemide

A

fluid retention (edema) and swelling

58
Q

Haloperidol

A

decreasing abnormal excitement in the brain

59
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

low levels of corticosteroids by replacing steroids that are normally produced naturally by the body;

60
Q

Lidocaine

A

acute ventricular tachydysrhythmias

61
Q

Magnesium sulfate

A

Constipation.
Hypomagnesemia.
Prevention of seizures in eclampsia/preeclampsia.

62
Q

Mannitol

A

reduction of intracranial pressure and brain mass;

63
Q

Methylprednisolone

A

decreasing inflammation and changing your body’s immune response

64
Q

Metoclopramide

A

nausea and vomiting;

65
Q

Morphine sulfate

A

changing the way the brain and nervous system respond to pain

66
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

relaxing the blood vessels so the heart does not need to work as hard and therefore does not need as much oxygen

67
Q

Noradrenaline

A

control of blood pressure during various hypotensive states and as an adjunct treatment during cardiac arrest

68
Q

Omeprazole

A

decreasing the amount of acid produced by the stomach

69
Q

Phenobarbital

A

anti-seizure management, treatment for status epilepticus, insomnia, as well as benzodiazepine and alcohol withdrawal treatment

70
Q

Phenytoin

A

prophylaxis and control of various types of seizures

71
Q

Potassium Chloride

A

hypokalemia

72
Q

Salbutamol

A

relax muscles of the airways, causing widening of the airways and resulting in easier breathing

73
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate

A

to relieve heartburn, sour stomach, or acid indigestion by neutralizing excess stomach acid

74
Q

Verapamil

A

relaxing the blood vessels so the heart does not have to pump as hard;

75
Q

2nd shock 2nd cpr

A

epi 1mg 4mins

76
Q

3rd shock after amiodarone 300mg

A

Lidocaine 1mg

77
Q

4th shock 4th cpr

A

Epi

78
Q

HOB 60-90° with the patient sitting up in bed

During episodes of respiratory distress, when inserting a nasogastric tube, during oral intake with feeding precautions

A

High-Fowlers

79
Q

HOB 45-60° with the patient sitting up in bed. Patient lying on their back in bed, with HOB reclined

Facilitates chest expansion so it is helpful with patients who are having difficulty breathing, during tube feeding admininstation because it facilitates peristalsis while minimizing aspiration risk, simply a comfortable position, also used in the postpartum period to facilitate excretion of lochia

A

Fowler’s

80
Q

Semi Fowler’s

A

HOB 15-30° with patient lying on their back

81
Q

HOB flat, patient on back

A

Supine

82
Q

Prone

A

HOB flat, patient on stomach with head to one side q

83
Q

Flat on back, feet raised higher than head by 15-30°

A

Trendelenberg

84
Q

Flat on back, head raised higher than feet by 15-30°

A

Reverse Trendelenberg

85
Q

Flat on back, knees bent, rotated outwards, feet flat on the bed (head/shoulders typically on a pillow)

A

Dorsal recumbent

86
Q

On side, top knee and arm flexed and supported by pillows

A

Lateral

87
Q

Halfway between lateral and prone

A

Sim’s

88
Q

Sitting at the side of the bed, leaning over a table

A

Orthopneic

89
Q

Facilitates respiratory expansion, makes it easier to breath in patients with respiratory difficulty and used during a thoracentesis

A

Orthopneic

90
Q

Occasionally used with unconscious patients as it facilitates drainage of oral secretions, pregnancy, during enemas, for patients who are paralyzed as it takes the pressure off of the hip and sacrum

A

Sim’s

91
Q

Relieves pressure on sacrum, great for patients who are immobile as it is typically quite comfortable and provides good spine alignment, supporting and off-loading common pressure points

A

Lateral

92
Q

Dorsal recumbent

A

During or after various surgeries, for comfort q

93
Q

For some surgeries or procedures, pre-surgery intervention for some vascular surgeries, may be used to facilitate respirations in patients who need to lay flat post-procedure, reduces GERD symptoms

A

Reverse Trendelenberg

94
Q

Not used frequently; use as a therapeutic measure in advanced ARDS, during and after some surgeries

A

Prone

95
Q

Post procedures to maintain hemostatis at insertion site, frequent position for many surgeries

A

Supine

96
Q

Necessary in some neurological and cardiac conditions, after procedures or surgeries to facilitate hemostatis at the insertion site (like a cardiac cath with a femoral approach) or drainage from various drains

A

Semi Fowler’s

97
Q

Facilitates chest expansion so it is helpful with patients who are having difficulty breathing, during tube feeding admininstation because it facilitates peristalsis while minimizing aspiration risk, simply a comfortable position, also used in the postpartum period to facilitate excretion of lochia

A

Fowler’s

98
Q

During episodes of respiratory distress, when inserting a nasogastric tube, during oral intake with feeding precautions

A

High-Fowlers

99
Q

Pediatric Length Catheters

A

smallest pediatric catheter French sizes (5 or 6 French)

Children and adolescents typically use pediatric catheters between 8 to 12 French.

100
Q

SUCTION size formula

A

50% of the endotracheal tube area or 50% of the endotracheal tube volume is equivalent to < 70% of the endotracheal tube diameter

NCM 122 and CA 2 (8 decks)

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