(FINALS) Chapter 8: Information Age Flashcards
- A historical period that began in the mid 20th century
- it is characterized by a rapid shift from traditional industries, as establish during the industrial revolution, to an economy centered on information technology
Information Age
Three ancient foundations of Information Age:
- Sumerian cuneiform
- Egyptian hieroglyphics
- Ancient Chinese tiny seal script
Due to their effective information transmission, these two inventions began the Information Age:
- Transistor by Walter Brattain and John Bardeen
- Optical amplifier by Gordon Gould
Ancient antecedents of the modern book:
- Egyptian papyrus paper
- Roman parchment codex
- Ancient Chinese wood-block printing
It is a machine that transfers ink by applying pressure to an ink surface, that’s resting on a print medium, such as paper or cloth
Printing press
Antecedent of printing press
Chinese woodblock printing on textile
Inventor of printing press
Johannes Gutenberg
Before, people who compiled actuarial tables and engineering calculations served as _____
Computers
During the war against the Axis Powers, the US invented a general purpose, electromechanical computer that could do computations that would have taken humans hours to complete
Harvard Mark 1
The German military employed an encoding device called _____
Enigma
He was employed by to decipher the enigma code
Alan Turing
Turing created the ______ while working with the allies, which allowed the British to decode the German’s enigma code
Bombe device
- Turing also invented the _____, a theoretical device that can solve any issue given a set of straightforward instructions stored on a paper tape.
- It served as the basis for the development of computer science and the creation of a computer
Turing machine
The generation that saw the birth of a computer age was referred to as having _____ in the 1970s
Electronic brains
They were one of the first user groups for computers
The Homebrew Computer Club
Co-founders of Apple 1
Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs
From 1973 onwards, these emerged in the Information Age
Social media platforms
Four Information Age Ethical Concerns?
- Property: Who has the data? What reasonable and equitable costs accompany its exchange? Who controls the routes that information is transmitted by, particularly the airways? In what way should this limited resource be distributed?
- Accuracy: Who oversees maintaining the information’s integrity, authenticity, and accuracy? In a similar vein, who should bear responsibility for factual inaccuracies and how can the harmed party be made whole?
- Privacy: How much personal information should people be forced to provide about themselves? In what circumstances? What personal information need to be kept completely confidential?
- Accessibility: What data may be obtained, under what circumstances, and ith what protections, by an individual or an organization?
Two threats to our Privacy:
- Advancement of information technology
- Needed information for making decisions
