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World History > Finals > Flashcards

Finals Flashcards

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1
Q

“Great Charter”- a document guaranteeing basic political rights in England, drawn up by nobles and approved by king John in AD 1215

A

Magna Carta

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2
Q

The rights that all people are born with- according to John Locke, the rights of life, liberty, and property

A

Natural rights

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3
Q

A body of representatives that makes laws for a nation

A

Parliament

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4
Q

a movement in 19th century paining, in which artists reacted against realism by seeking to convey their impressions of subjects or moments in time

A

Impressionism

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5
Q

a period of European history, lasting from about 1300 to 1600, during which renewed interest in classical culture led to far-reaching changes in art, learning , and views of the world

A

Renaissance

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6
Q

the idea that monarchs are God’s representatives on earth and are therefore answerable only to God

A

divine right

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7
Q

a spiritually inspired leader or teacher believed to be a messenger from god

A

prophet

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8
Q

an 18th century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society

A

enlightenment

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9
Q

the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, which protect citizens’ basic rights and freedoms

A

English Bill of rights

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10
Q

the monotheistic religion of the Hebrews founded by Abraham around 2000 BC

A

Judaism

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11
Q

the French war for democracy that began in 1789 and ended with the over throw of the monarchy

A

French Revolution

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12
Q

a political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land

A

feudalism

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13
Q

A comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon

A

Napoleonic Code

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14
Q

a French congress established by representatives of the Third Estate on June 17,1789, to enact laws and reforms in the name of the French people

A

National Assembly

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15
Q

An indecisive king who did not care for the welfare of the people and put the government into debt

A

Louis XVI

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16
Q

a pledge made by the members of France’s National Assembly in 1789*, in which they bowed they continued meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution

A

tennis court oath

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17
Q

a radical who at first believed in a “ republic of virtue”, he later became mad with lower and was sentenced to his death by the guillotine

A

Maximilien Robespierre

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18
Q

A sudden seizure of political power in a nation

A

coup d etat

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19
Q

The prison that the French took over during the French Revolution

A

Bastille

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20
Q

0

A

Otto von Bismarck

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21
Q

the followers of the 19th century Italian nationalist leader Giuseppe Garibaldi

A

Red Shirts

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22
Q

a 19th century artistic movement in which writers and painters sought to show life as it is rather than life as it should be

A

realism

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23
Q

“the politics of reality”-the practice of tough power politics without room for idealism

A

realpolitik

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24
Q

the belief that people should be loyal mainly to their nation-that is, to the people with whom they share a culture and history-rather than to a king or empire

A

Nationalism

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25
Q

in Spanish colonial society, colonists who were born in Spain

A

peninsulares

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26
Q

the shift, beginning in England during the 18th century, from making good by hand to making them by machine

A

industrial revolution

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27
Q

one of the fenced-in or hedged -in fields created by wealthy British landowners on land that was formerly worked by village farmers

A

enclosures

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28
Q

0

A

spinning jenny

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29
Q

a social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business-people, and wealthy farmers

A

middle class

30
Q

a conflict lasting from 1899 to 1902, in which the Boers and the British fought for control of territory in south Africa

A

Boer war

31
Q

a conflict, lasting from 1853 to 1856, in which the Ottoman Empire, with the aid of Britain and France, halted Russian expansion in the region of the Black Sea

A

Crimean War

32
Q

idea that in time, the local populations would become absorbed into French culture

A

assimilation

33
Q

the system of growing a different crop in a field each year to preserve the fertility of the land

A

crop rotation

34
Q

0

A

labor

35
Q

a person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business

A

entrepreneur

36
Q

a policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially

A

imperialism

37
Q

the indian soldier serving under british command

A

sepoy

38
Q

division of labor and money in human society

A

caste

39
Q

a policy of treating subject people a s if they were children, providing for their needs but not giving them rights

A

paternalism

40
Q

agricultural crops which are grown for sale

A

cash crop

41
Q

the development of industries for the machine production of goods

A

industrialization

42
Q

0

A

capital

43
Q

the adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit

A

annexation

44
Q

a meeting at which representatives of European nations agreed upon rules for the European colonization of Africa

A

berlin conference

45
Q

a foreign policy based on a consideration of the strategic locations or products of other lands

A

geopolitics

46
Q

survival of the fittest- justification for imperialist expansion

A

social darwinism

47
Q

the growth of cities and the migration of people into them

A

urbanization

48
Q

a conflict between Britain and China, lasting from 1839 to 1842, over Britain’s opium trade in china

A

opium war

49
Q

the adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit

A

annexation

50
Q

an exemption of foreign residents from the laws of a country

A

extraterritorial rights

51
Q

an 1854 agreement between the United states and japan, which opened two Japanese ports to U.S> ships and allowed the u.s.to set up an embassy in Japan

A

treaty of kanangawa

52
Q

a U.S. policy of opposition to European interference in Latin America, announced by President James Monroe

A

monroe doctrine

53
Q

0

A

Kaiser Wilhelm II

54
Q

in Would War I, the region of northern France, where the forces of the Allies and the Central Powers battled each other

A

western front

55
Q

a series of proposals in which U.S. president Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace after World War I

A

fourteen points

56
Q

the telegram that the British intercepted from Germany to Mexico

A

Zimmerman telegram

57
Q

the period of Japanese history from 1867 to 1912, during which the country was ruled by Emperor Mutsuhito

A

Meiji era

58
Q

in World War I, the nations of Great Britain, France, and Russia, along with the other nations that fought on their side

A

allied powers

59
Q

a 1494 agreement between Portugal and Spain, declaring that newly discovered lands to the west of an imaginary line in the Atlantic ocean would belong to Spain and newly discovered lands to the east of the line would belong to Portugal

A

treaty of Versailles

60
Q

a policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always prepared for war

A

militarism

61
Q

a policy, proposed by the United States in 1899, under which all nations would have equal opportunities to trade in china

A

open door policy

62
Q

a manmade waterway connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, built in Panama by the United States and opened in 1914

A

panama canal

63
Q

a conflict in which the participating countries devote all their resources to the war effort

A

total war

64
Q

an international association formed after World War I with the goal of keeping peace among nations

A

league of nations

65
Q

the freedom of a people to decide under what form of government they wish to live

A

self-determination

66
Q

U.S. president during the period of World War I, proposed the Fourteen Points at the Paris peace conference

A

Woodrow Wilson

67
Q

prime minister of France who wanted to punish Germany at the Paris peace conference

A

George Clemenceau

68
Q

The prime minister of Great Britain who attended the Paris Peace conference

A

David Lloyd George

69
Q

Germany’s military plan at the outbreak of World War I, according to which German troops would rapidly defeat France and then move east to attack Russia

A

schlieffen plan

70
Q

in world War I, the region along the German-Russian border where Russians and Serbs battled Germans, Austrians, and Turks

A

eastern front

71
Q

a form of warfare in which opposing armies fight each other from trenches dug in the battlefield

A

trench warfare

World History (10 decks)

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