Final Review: Urinary Flashcards
Where are cortical nephrons located?
Renal cortex
Do cortical nephrons have short or long loops of Henle? How deeply do they extend into the medulla?
Short and do not extend deeply into medulla
Where are the renal corpuscles of the juxtamedullary nephrons located?
In the cortex next to the cortical-medullary junction
Where do the glomeruli of juxtamedullary nephrons empty into?
Vasa recta, consisting of long, straight arterioles/venules that run parallel to the loops of Henle and collecting ducts
Do the juxtamedullary nephrons have long/short loops of Henle? How deeply do they extend into the medulla?
Long and extend deeply into medulla
What type of epithelium is the parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule formed by?
Simple Squamous
What do mesangial cells play a role in?
Phagocytosis
Mechanical support
Synthesis of matrix/collagen
Regulation of blood flow
What does the juxtaglomerular apparatus consist of?
Macula densa
Extraglomerular mesangial cells
Juxtaglomerular cells
What does the macula densa signal the release of and from where does that product get released?
Release of renin from juxtaglomerular cells
The proximal convoluted tubule is formed by what type of epithelium?
Simple cuboidal made of truncated pyramidal-shaped cells with basal striations marking mitochondria
What type of cells make up the thick loop of Henle?
Low cuboidal
What type of cells make up the thin loop of Henle?
Squamous
The distal convoluted tubule is formed by what type of epithelium?
Simple cuboidal with smaller cells/broader lumen than proximal convoluted tubule.
Lacks a brush border
The collecting duct consists of what type of epithelium?
Simple cuboidal
What are the two special types of cells int he collecting duct?
Principal cells
Intercalated cells
