Final Review: Immune/Lymphatic

Question 1

Which tissues are primary and which are secondary lymphoid tissue?

Answer 1

Primary: Thymus & bone marrow
Secondary: Lymph nodes, tonsils, & spleen

Question 2

What is the major histological unit of the lymphoid system?

Answer 2

Lymphoid nodule (follicle)

Question 3

What do primary lymphoid follicles lack

Answer 3

Germinal center

Question 4

What are secondary lymphoid follicles characterized by?

Answer 4

Germinal center & and a B cell corona

Question 5

Where do all immune system cellular components originate?

Answer 5

Bone marrow

Question 6

Where to T cells mature?

Answer 6

Thymus

Question 7

Which of the 5 classes of antibodies is most commonly found in plasma and responsible for most antibody activity?

Answer 7

IgG

Question 8

What is the main function of MHC gene products?

Answer 8

Presentation of antigenic peptides to T cells

Question 9

MHC 1 is expresses on all cell surfaces except _________ and _________.

Answer 9

Trophoblasts

RBC’s

Question 10

What do CD4+ t cells mature to and what do they recognize?

Answer 10

Mature to helper T cells
Recognize MHC class II molecules

Question 11

What type of cells are CD8+ T cells and what do they recognize?

Answer 11

Cytolytic cells
Recognize MHC class I molecules

Question 12

What are CD16+ T cells?

Answer 12

Natural killer cells

Question 13

What is the process that occurs when a foreign protein enters the body?

Answer 13

Broken down by macrophage (antigen-presenting cell) into fragments (epitopes), then presented bound to MHC II molecules to T helper cell to initiate an immune response

Question 14

What gives rise to memory cells?

Answer 14

Activated T & B cells

Question 15

How is the classic complement cascade activated?

Answer 15

By antibody binding to a pathogen

Question 16

What is the most important opsonin?

Answer 16

C3b

Question 17

Lymph follicles are not encapsulated. T/F

Answer 17

True

Question 18

The cortex and center of a lymph follicle are supplied by the same arteriole and venule. T/F

Answer 18

False, they each have their own arteriole and venule

Question 19

What is the hilus of a lymph node?

Answer 19

Entry and exit point for vessels & efferent lymphatics

Question 20

The ______ _______ outer cortex contains lymph follicles

Answer 20

Lymph node

Question 21

What does the inner cortex contain?

Answer 21

T helper cells, macrophages, & HEV’s (high endothelial vessels)

Question 22

Which area of the lymph node is the site of reentry of lymphocytes into the lymph system?

Answer 22

Medulla

Question 23

What contains blood vessels but no afferent lymphatics?

Answer 23

Thymus

Question 24

Where are Hassall’s corpuscles found and what do they produce?

Answer 24

Found in thymic medulla

Produce cytokines necessary for T cell maturation

Question 25

Where do double negative T cells enter cortex/proliferate?

Answer 25

Enter: from blood vessels
Proliferate: subcapsular area

Question 26

Where do double positive T cells move to?

Answer 26

Outer cortex

Question 27

Where do single positive T cells move to and what do they express?

Answer 27

Move to inner cortex

Express TCR receptors and either CD4 or CD8 receptors

Question 28

What is the only lymphatic organ specialized to filter blood?

Answer 28

Spleen

Question 29

What does the spleen do?

Answer 29

Stores/removes RBC’s
Recycles iron
Converts hemoglobin to bilirubin
Forms blood in fetus

Question 30

Where are splenic B cells located?

Answer 30

Peripheral white pulp

Question 31

Splenic B cells have germinal centers. T/F

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Where are splenic T cells located?

Answer 32

Areas surrounding central artery near center of white pulp

Question 33

What are reticular fibers associated with and what to they support?

Answer 33

Fixed macrophages and support splenic white pulp

Question 34

What are PALS (periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths) characteristic of?

Answer 34

Splenic white pulp

Question 35

Where does most erythrophagocytosis occur?

Answer 35

Cords of Billroth in spleen

Question 36

Cords of Billroth are associated with which type of splenic pulp?

Answer 36

Red pulp

Question 37

What is the flow of splenic blood?

Answer 37

Splenic artery–>trabecular arteries–>central arteries–>penicillus–>venous sinuses