Final Review session 2 Flashcards
what prevents more sperm from attaching
cortical granules bind to zona pellucida and cleave proteins
what happens after fertilization
cleavage until morula (3-4 days)
how many cells in morula
16-32
the cells of the morula are _____ potent
toti
after the morula, the _____ forms
blastocyst
cells in the ICM of the blastocyst phase are _______ potent
pluri
the blastocyst consist of the ____ and the _____
ICM and the trophoblast
trophoblast turns into the _______
placenta/umbilical cord
trophoblast cells are _____ potent
multi
after the blastocyst, the mass will ______
implant
implantation happens during the ______ stage
blastocyst
after implantation there is a ______ and a _______
epiblast and hypblast
the cells from the epiblast start migrating down to the _____ _______
primitive streak
the epiblast cells push the ______ cells aside
hypoblast
the hypoblast cells will become ____ embryonic cells
extra
the first cells to dive through primitive streak become the ______
endoderm
order of layers
ecto, meso, endoderm
first layer to dive becomes the _____
endoderm
the bilaminar disc is made from the _____ _______
epiblast and the hypoblast
does the hypoblast become a germ layer?
no
what happens to the hypoblast cells?
becomes yolk-sac lining
the primitive node is part of the ______ ______
primitive streak
the notochord is part of the _______
mesoderm
the neural plate is part of the _______
ectoderm
the _______ pushes the neural plate down towards the notochord to form the neural tube
ectoderm
bones come from what layer?
mesoderm
embryonic stem cells are _____ potent
pluri
adult stem cells are ______ potent
multi
how are stem cells and progenitor cells different?
stem cells can self-reproduce, while progenitor cells cann
where are stem cells located?
in a niche
what’s the location of stem cells in the gut?
the crypt
the ____ provides local signals for the stem cells that tells the cells to _____ _____
niche, self-renew
if a stem cell is far from the niche, they will…..?
create differentiated cells