Final Review Flashcards
What branch of the peripheral nervous system is the adrenal medulla apart of?
Sympathetic autonomic system
What does the adrenal cortex secret
Steroid hormones
What does the adrenal medulla secret
Catecholamines
Competitive Inhibition
- Binds to active site
- increases Km
- no change to vmax
Non-competitive inhibition
- Binds to allosteric site of enzyme
- no change to Km
- decreases vmax
Mixed inhibition
- Binds to allosteric site both
- Increases or decreases Km
- decreases Vmax
Uncompetitive Inhibition
- Binds to allosteric site of complex
- decreases Km
- Decreases Vmax
Def: Osmotic Pressure
The minimum pressure that must be applied to a solution to halt the flow of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane
How does osmotic pressure relate to solute concentration
Directly proportional
Gene Imprinting
Parent-specific transmission of traits are due to gene imprinting, which is an epigenetic process
Body temperature
37 degrees Celsius
Body pH
7.4ish
Centration
The tendency to focus on just one feature of a problem and neglect other important aspects
Procedural Memory
Memory for motor skills and habits
Semantic Memory
Facts and knowledge
Episodic Memory
personal experience
Social Construction of race
the idea that there is little logical basis for race. Instead categories mostly result from history, culture and society
Groupthink
when members of a cohesive group emphasize agreement at the expense of critical thinking when arriving to a decision
Assimilation
The incorporation of new information into an existing schema
Conflict Theory
Focuses on social institutions that maintain social inequalities
Period effects
The impact of certain periods in all cohorts
Cohort effects
Distinct life experience based on their place in history
Self-Verification
the tendency to seek out information that is consistent with one’s self-concept
Self-serving bias
Making situational attributions for personally experienced negative outcomes and dispositional ones for positive outcomes
Serotonin
Regulates mood and appetite
Endorphins
Associated with feelings of wellbeing rather than aggression
GABA role in mood
Associated with Anxiety
Incentive theory
Focuses on the role that extrinsic motivators play in shaping behaviour
Drive theory
Drive is a motivational state caused by psychological or physiological needs
Expectancy-Value Theory
Focuses on how motivation varies depending on how a person evaluates their likelihood of success at an activity
Self-determination theory
Focuses on the innate need or psychological growth
Latent Function
An unintended positive outcome of a social practice
How are different wave properties effected by changing mediums?
- Frequency remains unchanged
- Wave speed and amplitude vary based on medium
- Change in wave speed causes change in wave length
Hydrogen Bonding
Special type of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules that results from the attractive force between a hydrogen and a covalent bonded to a very electronegative atom and another very electronegative atom
Salt bridges
Interactions of amino acids with opposite charges
What is the ideal gas law
PV=nRT
Heat of combustion
The amount of heat liberated when a given amount of substance undergoes combustion
How does heat of combustion relate to stability
Inversely related
How to calculate capacitance using charge
C=Q/V
What occurs at the Anode and cathod
Reduction and oxidation respectivley
Order of functional group polarity
Ketone: can accept but not donate H bonds
Alcohol: can accept and donate H bonds
Carboxylic acid: two points of interaction
How are phosphorus labeled in ATP
Alpha, Beta, gamma
Venturi Effect
Air pressure is the sum of the static pressure and flow pressure
Coordinate Covalent
Both electrons are donated by the same molecule
Coordination number
The number of atoms bonded to a central atom
What type of lens has a negative focal length
Diverging lens
Purine
2 rings
A and G
Pyrimidines
1 ring
C T U
Golgi Apparatus
Process and package proteins and lipids
Lysosomes
Digest particles that are pulled through the process of endocytosis
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Synthesis and transport of various organic molecuels
Prion
Misfolded variants of a protein that can cause misfolding when interacting with normally folded variants of the same protein
Centrosome
Primary microtubule organizing center of a cell
Meritocracy
The holding of power by people selected based on their ability
Socialization
The learning of social acceptable values and behaviours
Absolute Poverty
An economic condition in which individuals cannot meet their basic needs
Marginal Poverty
Unstable employment condition for an individual in which they cannot achieve minimum standards of living
Relative Poverty
Social disadvantage by income or wealth as compared to the social advantages linked to income or wealth in society
Structural poverty
A lack of economic opportunities for individuals to leave poverty
Attribution error
when behaviour is mistakenly attributed in an incorrect source
Social Desirability
The tendency for participants to give responses which they think are more socially acceptable instead of choosing the responses which are reflective of their true feelings
Stereotype threat
Apprehension about confirming negative stereotypes related to a persons own group
Stratification
Certain communities experience unequal access to resources and opportunities in a society
Gentrification
The displacement of low-income residents in a neighborhood due to increasing poverty value
Heisenberg principle
One cannot know both the momentum and position of an object with absolute certainty
Le Chateliers principle
The application of stress to the system will cause the system to responsed in a way that relieves that stress
Paulo Exclusion Principle
Two or more identical fermions cannot occupy the same quantum state
How are water solubility and polarity related
Water solubility increases as polarity increases and with more H bond donors because water can form more bonds with the molecule
How much space does 1 molecule of gas occupy at STP 1
22.4L
Reaction Formation
Minimizing uncomfortable thoughts or emotions by overemphasizing their opposite
Emotional Displacement
Shifting the focus of emotion from a less to more acceptable target
Perceptual Constancy
The tendency to experience a stable perception even as sensory input is changing
Ethnographic
Qualitative method of to make in person observations in a cultural setting over an extended period of time
Cultural Relativism
Evaluating the cultural practices of a different society not from one’s own cultural perspectives but from the society’s perspective
Cultural Diffusion
Mutual exchange of cultural values and practices among societies
Boiling point
Vapor pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure
Oligarchy
Small number of individuals hold the majority of the power
How can you predict boiling point?
Compare strength of intermolecular forces
Instinctual Drift
The tendency of some untrained animals to revert back to instinctual behaviours
Snell’s Law
There is an inverse relationship between the index of refraction and the sin of the angle of refraction
Alpha Decay
- Emission of alpha-particle
- -2 atomic number and -4 mass
Beta negative Decay
- Neutron is converted to a proton
- electron is released
- +1 atomic number
Beta Positive Decay
- Proton converted to neutron
- positron released
- -1 atomic number
Gamma Decay
Photons released, decreasing energy
Electron Capture
- Electron combines with a proton to create a neutron
- Atomic number -1
- Mass number stays same
