Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MCAT > Behavioral Sciences Ch5 > Flashcards

Behavioral Sciences Ch5 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
MCAT flashcards
1
Q

Motivation

A

The purpose, or driving force, behind our actions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Extrinsic motivation

A

based on external circumstances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Intrinsic Motivation

A

Based on internal drive or perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Instincts

A

Innate, fixed patterns of behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Instinct Theory of Motivation

A

People perform certain behaviors because of these evolutionarily programmed instincts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Arousal Theory

A

People perform actions to maintain arousal, the state of being awake and reactive to stimuli, at an optimal level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Yerkes- Dodson Law

A

Performance is optimal at a medium level of arousal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Drives

A

Internal states of tension that beget particular behaviors focused on goals
- Primary Drives: bodily processes
- Secondary Drives: Stem learning and include accomplishments and emotions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Drive reduction theroy

A

Motivation arises from the desire to eliminate drives, which create uncomfortable internal states

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs

A

Prioritizes needs into five categories
- Physiological
- safety and security
- love and belonging
- self-esteem
- self-actualization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Self-determination theroy

A

The role of three universal needs: autonomy, competence, relatedness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Incentive theory

A

Explains motivation as the desire to pursue rewards and avoid punishment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Expectancy-value theory

A

The amount of motivation for a task is based on the individual’s expectation of success and the amount that success is valued

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Opponent-processing theory

A

Explains motivation for drug use: as drug use increases, the body counteracts its effect, leading to tolerance and uncomfortable withdrawal symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sexual motivations

A

Relate to hormone release as well as social and cultural factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Emotion

A

A state of mind, or feeling, that is subjectively experienced based on circumstances, mood, and relationships

17
Q

What are the 3 components of emotion

A

Cognitive, behavioral and physiological

18
Q

Seven universal emotions

A

Happiness
Sadness
contempt
surprise
fear
disgust
anger

19
Q

James-Lange Theory

A

Nervous system arousal leads to an emotional experience

20
Q

Cannon-Bard Theory

A

Arousal of the nervous system and the experience of emotion occur simultaneously

21
Q

Schachter-Singer Theory

A

Nervous system arousal is combined with cognition to create the experience of emotion

22
Q

Limbic System

A

Primary nervous system component involved in experiencing emotion

23
Q

Limbic System: Amygdala

A

Involved with attention and fear, helps interpret facial expression and is part of the intrinsic memory system for emotional memory

24
Q

Limbic System: Thalamus

A

sensory processing station

25
Q

Limbic System: Hypothalamus

A

releases neurotransmitters that affect mood and arousal

26
Q

Limbic System: Hippocampus

A

Creates long-term explicit memories

27
Q

Limbic System: Prefrontal cortex

A

Involved in planning, expressing personality and making decisions
VENTRAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX
- critical for experiencing emotion, specifically involved in controlling emotional responses from the amygdala and decision making

28
Q

Stress

A

The physiological and cognitive response to challenges or life changes

29
Q

Stress Appraisal

A
  1. Primary Appraisal: classifying a potential stressor as irrelevant, benign-positive or stressful
  2. Secondary Appraisal: Directed at evaluating if the organsim can cope with the stress, based on harm, threat and challenge
30
Q

Stressor

A

Anything that leads to a stress response and can include environment, daily events, workplace or academic settings, social expectations, chemicals and biological stressors

31
Q

General adaption syndrome

A

Alarm: initial reaction
Resistance: continuous release of hormones allow for maintained engagement
Exhaustion: Body can no longer maintain an elevated response

MCAT (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions