Final: Part 2

Question 1

Reach and grasp (are/are not) coupled together

Answer 1

are

Question 2

Maximum grip opening is achieved when ___ to ___% of movement time is completed

Answer 2

75 to 80 %

Question 3

How do we know that reach and grasp are coupled motions

Answer 3

Disturbance of one will impact the other

Question 4

What type of practice is very effective for training reach and grasp

Answer 4

part

Question 5

Should reach and grasp be trained separately or together

Answer 5

both

Question 6

What is the invariant feature of reach and grasp movement

Answer 6

generalized motor program that can be applied to any limb so it doesn’t need to be re-learned

Question 7

Reaction times will vary based on what three things

Answer 7

1. choice effect
2. advanced knowledge of required response
3. Complexity of the motor response required

Question 8

If there are more choices, will a reaction time be faster or slower

Answer 8

slower

Question 9

If an action if more familiar, will the reaction time be faster or slower

Answer 9

faster

Question 10

If an action requires a more complex motor response, will the action be faster or slower

Answer 10

slower

Question 11

In regards to reaction time and its phases, what takes the longest part of reaction time and why

Answer 11

pre motor phase because it is where the decisions are being made

Question 12

What are the three stages that make up reaction time

Answer 12

stimulus identification
response selection
response programming

Question 13

Portions of the three stages of reaction time can occur simultaneously as (parallel/perpendicular) processing

Answer 13

parallel

Question 14

Movement ____ and ____ of the three stages of reaction time can occur simultaneously as parallel processing

Answer 14

direction and amplitude

Question 15

The greater the number of stimulus response choices and the more difficult the choices, the longer it takes to decide what to do. This describes which term?

Answer 15

hicks law

Question 16

What is hicks law

Answer 16

The more responses available and the more difficult the choices, the longer a reaction time will be

Question 17

Describes the significance of the response compatibility of a stimulus

Answer 17

If the choices are not as natural is will take longer. For example, choosing words that say blue but they are written in green or red color

Question 18

True or False:

practice influence reaction time and decision making

Answer 18

true

Question 19

As response alternatives increase, reaction times (increase/decrease)

Answer 19

increase or takes longer

Question 20

Reaction time (increases/decreases) with a predictable stimuli and (does/does not) change with a nonpredictable stimuli

Answer 20

decrease; does not

Question 21

As distance increases of width of a target decreases, the average movement time between targets increases. This describes what term

Answer 21

fitts law

Question 22

What is fitts law

Answer 22

the lab activity in class making dots on the lines on the paper

Question 23

What are the three strategies the nervous system uses to dictate how reach and grasp is coordinated

Answer 23

1. muscle coordinate strategy
2. joint angle coordinate strategy
3. end point coordinate strategy

Question 24

Which coordinate strategy is used when the sequence of the individual muscle activation dictates how the reach is controlled

Answer 24

muscle coordinate strategy

Question 25

Reaching for a water bottle in front of you starting with the arm down to the side is an example of which coordinate strategy

Answer 25

muscle

Question 26

Which coordinate strategy is used when at least some of joint positions remain constant throughout the reach

Answer 26

joint coordinate strategy

Question 27

Reaching for a water bottle while keeping the position of the elbow and the wrist stable at 90 degrees and only moving though IR/ER of the shoulder is an example of what coordinate strategy

Answer 27

joint

Question 28

A joint coordinate strategy results in a ____ movement pattern

Answer 28

arc

Question 29

Which coordinate strategy is determined by the reach and grasp of the starting and target point

Answer 29

end point coordinate strategy

Question 30

Which coordinate strategy is a combination of firing and joint angles that produces a straight trajectory for the object

Answer 30

end point

Question 31

As you reach for your water bottle and try your best to make your hand move in a direct line toward the bottle is an example of which coordinate strategy

Answer 31

end point

Question 32

What is the most common coordinate strategy

Answer 32

end point

Question 33

What is the distance programming theory

Answer 33

Reaching occurs in the following sequence

1. visual perception of distance
2. activation of agonist to move limb to the target
3. activation of the antagonist to slow the limb as it reaches the target

Question 34

What is the location programming theory

Answer 34

Reaching and grasping isn’t a sequential timing but a balance between two opposing muscle sets and each point during the reach corresponds to a relative tension between agonist and antagonist

Question 35

Slower movements tend to use ____ ____ location programming

Answer 35

end point

Question 36

Faster movements tend to use a combination of ____ ____ and ____ location

Answer 36

end point and location