Final Neuro - Auditory and Vestibular Systems Flashcards
**Where are the unipolar cell bodies or origin located that direct tooth pain
trigeminal Gasserian semilunar ganglion
What are the three anatomical regions of the ear
external
middle
inner
This region of the ear directs sound into the ear canal
outer ear
This region of the ear contains the ossicles and window and transmits sound from the tympanic membrane to the cochlea
middle ear
This region of the ear contains the osseous and membraneous labyrinth
inner ear
When sound reaches the tympanic membrane where does it go next
along the bones of the middle ear to the oval window though the membranous labyrinth
Which cavity contains the auditory neuroepithelium
membraneous labyrinth
This is the hollowed-out region of the temporal bone filled with perilymph
osseous labyrinth
This encloses the sensory organs of balance and hearing and consists of a series of endolymph ducts and chambers
membranous labyrinth
What does the membranous labyrinth contain
neuroepithelium of the ear
cochlear duct and organ of Corti
vestibular labyrinth.
What does the cochlear division of the inner ear consist of
scala media (cochlear duct)
The membraneous labyrinth is separated from other channels by what
vestibular membrane above
basilar membrane below
This is the perilymphatic space about the cochlear duct
scala vestibuli
This is the space enclosed by the cochlear duct filled with endolymph and contains the neuroepithelium and basilar membrane
scala media
This is the space below the cochlear duct
scala tympani
What is found within the cochlear duct
scala media containing endolymph
Organ of Corti
The cochlear duct is part of which portion of the membranous labyrinth
auditory
This translates vibration and sound into neuron signals
Organ of Corti
This peripheral process of the statoacoustic nerve (CN VII) is in contact with the hair cells of the organ of Corti
tectorial membrane; located above the hair cells
What are the two auditory streams
“What”
“Where”
What does the “what” auditory portion consist of
language processing
dorsal cochlear nucleus
What does the “where” auditory portion consist of and relates to
*ventral cochlear nucleus
accessory auditory nuclei; superior olivary nucleus and nucleus of the lateral lemniscus
This is involved with sound location via time delay and intensity difference, terminates in the outer hair cells of chochlea and plays a role with postnatal development
superior olivary complex
This receives fibers from the cochlear nuclei and superior olivary nucleus to the inferior colliculus
lateral lemniscus
This carries signals to the medial geniculate body
inferior colliculus
This projects fibers to the primary auditory cortex located in the transverse temporal gyri of Heschl
medial geniculate body
This is the main area of “what” language processing; the signals go in a ventral direction
superior temporal gyrus
This is involved with planning a motor response to an incoming stimulus
superior parietal lobe
What are the three balance related structures of the inner ear
utricle
saccule
semicircular canals
Where in the inner ear is the vestibular labyrinth located
in the membraneous labyrinth filled with endolymph
What are the two different subdivisions of the vestibular labyrinth
static labyrinth
dynamic labryinth
This is located in the static labyrinth and serves as a “plumb bob-like” (gravity) reference for the head
otolith organ
What does the otolith organ consist of
utriculus
sacculus
These are hard crystals above the gelatinous substance that tumble during movement and stimulate the hair cells
otolith
What are the components of the hair cells
kinocilium; longest one
stereocilia; short ones
What two vestibular sensations is the static labyrinth sensitive to
vibrations
linear acceleration
This is is located in the dynamic labyrinth and senses turning movements of the head
semicircular canals
What are the canals of the semicircular canals
horizontal
vertical
ampulla at base
What does the dynamic labyrinth enable us to do
maintain our gaze on a particular object while the head is moving
What specific sensations are the semicircular canals sensitive to
vibrations (rapid back and forth movement)
angular acceleration
What is the primary function of the dynamic labyrinth
provide reflex control of eye movements
What is the macula
this is where the otoliths are embedded
What stimulus are the otolith and macula sensitive to
head tilts; linear acceleration
directionally sensitive
This is the neuroepithelium of the semi circular canal and is in the ampulla
crista ampullaris
This is a gelatinous projection in which the kinocilia project; it floats in the endolympth
cupula
What stimulus are the cristae sensitive to
angular acceleration; yes or no movements
What is the cranial nerve that serves the vestibular portion of the inner ear
vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
Where does CN VIII terminate
the pontocerebellar junction
What is the brain strictures in which primary afferents of the semicircular canal and otolith organ terminate
vestibular nuclei
cerebellum
In which brain structure do eye movement controlling fibers terminate
flocculonodular lobe
What is the myelinated pathway that link the vestibular nuclei with the eye movement control nuclei
medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)
This demonstrates the integrity of the vestibule-ocular reflex and the medial longitudinal fascicles (MLF)
doll’s eye maneuver
What happens to the eyes when affected with dolls eye maneuver
if the head is turned passively to one side, the eyes will respond by turning to the opposite side
Where is the location of the primary vestibular cortex
posterior insular cortex
