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SP14 Anatomy > Final Neuro - Auditory and Vestibular Systems > Flashcards

Final Neuro - Auditory and Vestibular Systems Flashcards

1
Q

**Where are the unipolar cell bodies or origin located that direct tooth pain

A

trigeminal Gasserian semilunar ganglion

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2
Q

What are the three anatomical regions of the ear

A

external
middle
inner

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3
Q

This region of the ear directs sound into the ear canal

A

outer ear

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4
Q

This region of the ear contains the ossicles and window and transmits sound from the tympanic membrane to the cochlea

A

middle ear

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5
Q

This region of the ear contains the osseous and membraneous labyrinth

A

inner ear

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6
Q

When sound reaches the tympanic membrane where does it go next

A

along the bones of the middle ear to the oval window though the membranous labyrinth

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7
Q

Which cavity contains the auditory neuroepithelium

A

membraneous labyrinth

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8
Q

This is the hollowed-out region of the temporal bone filled with perilymph

A

osseous labyrinth

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9
Q

This encloses the sensory organs of balance and hearing and consists of a series of endolymph ducts and chambers

A

membranous labyrinth

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10
Q

What does the membranous labyrinth contain

A

neuroepithelium of the ear
cochlear duct and organ of Corti
vestibular labyrinth.

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11
Q

What does the cochlear division of the inner ear consist of

A

scala media (cochlear duct)

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12
Q

The membraneous labyrinth is separated from other channels by what

A

vestibular membrane above

basilar membrane below

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13
Q

This is the perilymphatic space about the cochlear duct

A

scala vestibuli

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14
Q

This is the space enclosed by the cochlear duct filled with endolymph and contains the neuroepithelium and basilar membrane

A

scala media

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15
Q

This is the space below the cochlear duct

A

scala tympani

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16
Q

What is found within the cochlear duct

A

scala media containing endolymph

Organ of Corti

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17
Q

The cochlear duct is part of which portion of the membranous labyrinth

A

auditory

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18
Q

This translates vibration and sound into neuron signals

A

Organ of Corti

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19
Q

This peripheral process of the statoacoustic nerve (CN VII) is in contact with the hair cells of the organ of Corti

A

tectorial membrane; located above the hair cells

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20
Q

What are the two auditory streams

A

“What”

“Where”

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21
Q

What does the “what” auditory portion consist of

A

language processing

dorsal cochlear nucleus

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22
Q

What does the “where” auditory portion consist of and relates to

A

*ventral cochlear nucleus

accessory auditory nuclei; superior olivary nucleus and nucleus of the lateral lemniscus

23
Q

This is involved with sound location via time delay and intensity difference, terminates in the outer hair cells of chochlea and plays a role with postnatal development

A

superior olivary complex

24
Q

This receives fibers from the cochlear nuclei and superior olivary nucleus to the inferior colliculus

A

lateral lemniscus

25
Q

This carries signals to the medial geniculate body

A

inferior colliculus

26
Q

This projects fibers to the primary auditory cortex located in the transverse temporal gyri of Heschl

A

medial geniculate body

27
Q

This is the main area of “what” language processing; the signals go in a ventral direction

A

superior temporal gyrus

28
Q

This is involved with planning a motor response to an incoming stimulus

A

superior parietal lobe

29
Q

What are the three balance related structures of the inner ear

A

utricle
saccule
semicircular canals

30
Q

Where in the inner ear is the vestibular labyrinth located

A

in the membraneous labyrinth filled with endolymph

31
Q

What are the two different subdivisions of the vestibular labyrinth

A

static labyrinth

dynamic labryinth

32
Q

This is located in the static labyrinth and serves as a “plumb bob-like” (gravity) reference for the head

A

otolith organ

33
Q

What does the otolith organ consist of

A

utriculus

sacculus

34
Q

These are hard crystals above the gelatinous substance that tumble during movement and stimulate the hair cells

A

otolith

35
Q

What are the components of the hair cells

A

kinocilium; longest one

stereocilia; short ones

36
Q

What two vestibular sensations is the static labyrinth sensitive to

A

vibrations

linear acceleration

37
Q

This is is located in the dynamic labyrinth and senses turning movements of the head

A

semicircular canals

38
Q

What are the canals of the semicircular canals

A

horizontal
vertical
ampulla at base

39
Q

What does the dynamic labyrinth enable us to do

A

maintain our gaze on a particular object while the head is moving

40
Q

What specific sensations are the semicircular canals sensitive to

A

vibrations (rapid back and forth movement)

angular acceleration

41
Q

What is the primary function of the dynamic labyrinth

A

provide reflex control of eye movements

42
Q

What is the macula

A

this is where the otoliths are embedded

43
Q

What stimulus are the otolith and macula sensitive to

A

head tilts; linear acceleration

directionally sensitive

44
Q

This is the neuroepithelium of the semi circular canal and is in the ampulla

A

crista ampullaris

45
Q

This is a gelatinous projection in which the kinocilia project; it floats in the endolympth

A

cupula

46
Q

What stimulus are the cristae sensitive to

A

angular acceleration; yes or no movements

47
Q

What is the cranial nerve that serves the vestibular portion of the inner ear

A

vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)

48
Q

Where does CN VIII terminate

A

the pontocerebellar junction

49
Q

What is the brain strictures in which primary afferents of the semicircular canal and otolith organ terminate

A

vestibular nuclei

cerebellum

50
Q

In which brain structure do eye movement controlling fibers terminate

A

flocculonodular lobe

51
Q

What is the myelinated pathway that link the vestibular nuclei with the eye movement control nuclei

A

medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)

52
Q

This demonstrates the integrity of the vestibule-ocular reflex and the medial longitudinal fascicles (MLF)

A

doll’s eye maneuver

53
Q

What happens to the eyes when affected with dolls eye maneuver

A

if the head is turned passively to one side, the eyes will respond by turning to the opposite side

54
Q

Where is the location of the primary vestibular cortex

A

posterior insular cortex

SP14 Anatomy (39 decks)

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