Final: Module 13 Flashcards
the intravenous administration of whole blood, its components, or blood-based products for therapeutic purposes
Blood therapy
Blood donated from someone else
allogenic blood
substances that elicit specific immune responses when they come in contact with foreign substances
antigens
essential element in immune function, based on antigens present on leukocytes and platelets and is important to determine prior to repeated platelet transfusions
Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA)
collection, filtration, and reinfusion of patient’s own blood
autologous transfusion
process where blood is withdrawn from teh pateitn immediately prior to surgery and replaced with an IV infusion of crystalloid/colloid solution to maintain volume for adequate circulation. Collected blood is infused after bleeding is controlled
hemodilution
contains RBC, WBC, platelets, and plasma
whole blood
living tissue able to transprot electrolytes, proteins, hormones, vitamins, antibodies, ehat and oxygen to tissues of the bdoy
whole blood
hormone produced by kidnies when they sense inadequate RBC. Causes bone marrow to make RBC
Erythropoietin
Important in hemostasis, cessation of blood flow, coagulation blood clotting, and are natural source of growth factors
Platelets
single donor’s platelets are harvested and the RBC are returned to the donor yielding 6-10 units of transferable platelets
Apharesis
straw colored protion of blood- acts as carrier for blood cells, nutrients, enzymes, and hormones. Contains antibodies to fight infection
Plasma
fraction of the plasma that separates out when FFP is slowly thawed in the refrigerator. Contains several clotting factors found in plasma but is a smaller amount of liquid. Decreases microvascular bleeding during special procedures
Cryoprecipitate
the replacement of the patient’s total blood volume within 24 hours
Massive transfusion
systemic response to the administration of blood product that is incompatible iwth that of the recipient, contains allergens to which the recipient is sensitive or allergic or is contaminated with pathogens
Hemolytic reaciton
syndrome of acute respiratory distress, often associated with fever, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, and hypotension. Assocaited with HLA antibodies
Transfusion realted acute lung injury
donor lymphocytes are identified as foreign but immune system not capable in destroying them (immunocompromised)- patient’s lymphocytes are destroyed
Graft vs Host Disease
patient has developed antibodies against human leukocyte antigen (HLA) or platelet antigens- makes cross matching difficult and often results in febrile allergic reaction.
Alloimmunization
stimulates the sympathetic nervous system to relieve resipratory distress and combat vasodilation in anaphylaxis
epinephrine
diminishes some aspects of allergic response by blocking histamine receptors
antihistamine
administered when bacterial contamination/sepsis is suspected
antibiotics
administered to relieve fever and discomfort in acute hemolytic reactions, febrile non-hemolytic reactions, graft vs host disease, and bacterial sepsis
Antipyretics/analgesics
may be administered in cases of circulatory overload to reduce intravascular volume and decrease vascular tone
diuretics/morphine
stabilize cell membranes and decrease histamine release. Administered incase of severe allergic reactions
corticosteriods
rapid administration of this may help counteract some fo the symptoms of anaphylactic shock
IV fluids
