Final Final Flashcards
Masters considerations for passage planning
Master
- Compliance with National and International conventions and regulations
- Certificates in date, available and appropriate for the voyage
- Condition: Fit for the normal perils of the sea, watertight, meets her load line requirements, PMs up to date, no non-conformities in the ships SMS, machinery in good condition, LSA equipment available,
- Crew: Meet MSMD, appropriate certs/qualified, familiarised, adequate experience, well rested and fit for duty, visas
- Conduct: Safe operation of the vessel which the employer has a responsibility for (safe working environment, provide ppe, training, posters etc)
Voyage plan:
- Weather considerations for the time of year - Hurricane season Atlantic 1st June - 30 Nov
- Contingency plans, fuel stops
- Ensure accurate and up to date charts and publications are available for the intended voyage
- Security - piracy risk, citadel, fly non-essential crew, insurance
- Emission Control Areas
2/O: Passage plan as per SOLAS ch V and following APEM. Bridge/GMDSS checks
C/O: LSA checks and appropriate for voyage (insulated immersion suits), Drills/Training, vessel stowed
C/E: Bunkers, PMs, defects/non-conformities, spares
Chef: Provisions to last voyage, meal prep in bad weather
MOB - Actions?
Initial actions:
- Release MOB buoys
- Press MOB button to get a datum
- Sound the general alarm and make a PA announcement
- Reduce speed
- Hand steering
Follow up:
- Navigational risk assessment
- Inform ER and engines ready for manoeuvere
- Begin turn towards MOB
- Williamson: Hardover to 60deg, hardover opposite to 20 degrees from reciprocal course
- Anderson: Hardover until 250 degrees off original course, or casualty 20 degrees off bow
Bridge duties:
- Mayday via DSC and RT
- Consult SMS for resuce of persons from water
- Keep a log
External Teams:
- Prep rescue boat
- Prep medical response team
- Look outs - as many as possible
After the incident:
- Medical care
- Cancel mayday
- Inform relevant parties - DPA, Flag, Class, MAIB (ARF)
- Incident report
Tell me about ISM?
Came into force in 1998 with provision made under SOLAS ch 9. Stems from the Herald of Free Enterprise disaster where it was realised a high portion of maritime accidents were contributed to human error and poor management practises.
The objectives of the Code are to ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or loss of life, and avoidance of damage to the environment, in particular, to the marine environment, and to property.
How to motivate crew with respect to the SMS
- Lead by example
- Approachable
- Make drills enjoyable/realistic/worthwhile
- Involve crew with safety inspections
- Provide means for communicating their feedback
- Safety meetings engaging and worthwhile
What is the Maritime Labour Convention?
The Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) is an International Labour Organisation convention which came into effect in 2014 and aims to protect the rights of seafarers by setting minimum requirements for nearly every aspect of working and living onboard. It is often referred to as the seafarers bill of rights.
It consists of five titles:
- Minimum requirements for seafarers to work on a ship
- Conditions of employment
- Accommodation, recreational facilities, food and catering
- Health protection, medical care, welfare and social security protection
- Compliance and enforcement
Main points from MLC
- Minimum Age
- Medical Certification
- Qualification of Seafarers
- SEA’s
- Recruitment or placement services
- Hours of Work & Rest
- Manning Levels
- Accommodation & Recreational Facilities
- Food & Catering
- Health & Safety
- Onboard Medical Care
- Complaints Procedure
- Payment of Wages
- Injured Seafarers and Repatriation and care of the family
Contents of an SEA
- Full name, birthplace and date of birth
- Name and address of shipowner
- Place and date where the agreement is entered into
- Capacity
- Termination date or port (if definite period)
- Maximum period of service onboard
- Repatriation
- Wages
- Manner in which wages must be payed
- Paid Leave
- Hours of work
- Grievance and disciplinary procedures
- Health and social security benefits
- Any pension benefits
- Compensation which shipowner will pay for any loss of personal property arising from loss of the ship
- Details of any collective bargaining agreemen
What are the Masters responsibilities under MLC?
- Ensure ongoing compliance with the MLC and applicable certificates:
- Adequate age and appropriate qualifications/medical certificates
- HOWR enforced and signed by Master
- Accommodation inspections - logged in OLB
- Food & water inspections - logged in OLB
- Engage crew and action suggestions
- Wages paid on time
- Correctly manned
- Fair terms of employment
- Food of good variety, dietrary and culturaly sensitive
- Accommodation and recreation facilities provided
- Onboard complaints procedure available
Main Engine Failure
Actions
- Navigational risk assessment
- Position
- Proximity to navigational hazards
- Depth of water
- Traffic
- Close watertight doors
- Hand steering engaged
- Thrusters online
- Anchor prepared/dropped if possible
- Comms established with ER - determine cause and time to fix
- Require assistance - salvage/towage
- Log/record all actions and events
Inform others:
- NUC lights/day shapes displayed
- AIS status updated
- VTS or Port Authority informed as required
- Safety or Urgency message broadcast if appropriate
Follow up:
- Raise non-conformity if equipment damaged
- Inform DPA, Flag, Class and MAIB
- Entry made in OLB
Grounding
Initial
- Stop main engines
- Sound general alarm
- Close all watertight doors
- Muster crew and passengers - check for casualties or missing persons
Response:
- Establish communications with damage control party and OSC
- OSC to brief on situation and follow on actions
- Assess the extent of damage. Which compartments and how many?
- Sound all tanks
- Pollution or fire risk?
- Engineers to have pumping arrangements on standby.
Bridge:
- Position on chart etablished and depth
- Weather and tide forecasts
- Determine if the vessel is being carried into further danger - consider the use of anchors
- Damage stability considerations
- Record all details of the grounding including pictures and video evidence, logbooks etc
Inform others:
- Display appropriate lights and day shapes
- Report to VTS in the area
- Consider urgency or distress if required
Follow up
- Report made to the MAIB as soon as practicable including a brief description of the incident
- Entry made into official logbook describing the sequence of events
- Report sent to current Port State, Classification Society and Flag State
- Inform DPA
Collision
Initial
- Stop main engines - If imbedded, slight forward momentum may be required
- Close all watertight doors
- Sound general alarm
- Muster crew and passengers - check for casualties or missing persons
Response:
- Establish communications with damage control party and OSC
- OSC to brief on situation and follow on actions
- Assess the extent of damage. Which compartments and how many?
- Sound all tanks
- Pollution or fire risk?
- Engineers to have pumping arrangements on standby.
Bridge:
- Position on chart etablished
- Safe port locations considered
- Weather and tide forecasts
- Determine if the vessel is being carried into further danger - consider the use of anchors
- Damage stability considerations
- Record all details of the grounding including pictures and video evidence, logbooks etc
Inform others:
- Establish comms with other vessel
- Urgency/distress as required
- VTS/Port authority
- Lights/day shapes as required
Other Vessel:
Master is legally obliged to provide the other vessel with the following particulars:
1. The name of his ship
2. Port of registry
3. Port of departure
4. Port of destination
- The Master is further obliged to render all possible assistance to the other vessel until no longer required
Follow up
- Report made to the MAIB as soon as practicable including a brief description of the incident
- Entry made into Official logbook describing the sequence of events
- Report sent to current Port State, Classification Society and Flag State
- Inform DPA
Fire onboard - actions?
Initial:
- Sound the fire alarm
- If possible, tackle the fire immediately
- Reduce speed
- Engage hand steering
- Muster all crew/passengers and check for casualties
- Chief officer to take the conn
- Close watertight and fire doors
Engineers
- Fire pumps on
- Bilge pumps on
- Shut down ventilation
- Fuel shut offs
- Electricity to the area
- Confirm no one is in the space and release fixed fire fighting system as required
Fire teams:
- Establish communication with fire teams and OSC. Brief on scenario
- Establish comms with boundary cooling team. Brief on scenario
Bridge:
- Position fixed
- Weather considerations
- Determine if the vessel is being carried into further danger - consider the use of anchors
- Damage stability considerations
- Record all actions and events
Inform others:
- Urgency or distress as required
- Display appropriate lights and day shapes
- Report to VTS in the area
Follow up:
- Accident Report Form
- Inform DPA, Flag, Class, MAIB
- Entry made into OLB including ARF annexed
What is ISPS?
Entered into force under SOLAS chapter XI-2, on 1 July 2004 following the 9/11 attacks.
- Establish an international Framework fostering cooperation between Governments, local authorities, port facilities and the maritime industry.
- Establish Roles and responsibilities between organisations
- Early and efficient exchange of security related information
- Methodology for ship and port security assessments
- Security measures are in place in ports and onboard ships
How to arrange your watchkeepers?
Factors affecting composition of watch team:
- Fatigue
- Traffic
- State of visibility
- Availability of navigational aids
- Whether the vessel is fitted with automatic steering
- Radio duties to be performed
Schedule:
Captain 08:00 -12:00
Chief mate 12:00 – 16:00
2nd officer 16:00 – 20:00
Preparing to anchor
- OOW to prepare anchoring plan
- Weather
- Position has adequate shelter
- Proximity of navigational hazards including other vessels
- Tide
- Depth of water
- Permitted
- Suitable seabed
- Scope of anchor cable required
- Anchor equipment checked and ready for use
- Charts adequate scale
- Radars setup with VRMs and EBLs
- Engine room on standby and engines ready for manoeuvre
- Anchoring party informed of anchoring plan - which anchor, depth, number of shackles
- Day shapes/lights/sound signals
- Confirmed with VTS if required
- AIS updated
- Adjust radars as required
- Anchor/night orders
- Logbooks updated
