Final Exam Flashcards
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Joining the ship (newly appointed Master)
Prior to arrival:
- Letter of appointment
- Power of Attorney
- SEA
Check the condition of the vessel
- Load line is clearly visible and not submerged
- How it’s moored
- Condition of the hull
- Condition of lines and fenders
- Crew uniform, behaviour
Check the gangway for:
- Security (Manned)
- Expect to be challenged at the gangway for:
- Photo ID
- Letter of Appointment
- Gangway correctly rigged and in condition
- Safety net
- Emergency Fire Plan
- Lifebuoy
Escorted to Masters Officer - Check Crew Certification and Documentation
Check MSMD to see what level of manning required
All original certification onboard
- CoC’s and CeC’s
- ENG1 - or equivalent
- SSO
- GMDSS GOC
- ECDIS
- HELM
- F&H L2
- Ships Cook
- STCW - Fire fighting, sea survival, PSSR, First Aid, Security Awareness
Documentation:
- SEA
- Passport - including visas etc
- Discharge Book
Masters Handover
- Check accounts
- Contents of the safe
- Cash declaration of petty cash onboard
- SSP - Part 1
- Controlled Drugs with register
- Check Logbooks - OLB, ORB, GRB - GMP, GMDSS, Deck Logbook
- Crew Disciplinary - Any crew with warnings, informal, formal or written
- PSC Inspections: Any upcoming? any completed? any issues?
- Critical equipment checklist
- ISM:
- Procedures,
- planned maintenance,
- upcoming surveys,
- defects and deficiencies,
- previous surveys with any outstanding OBS or Non Conformities?
- Look at last Masters Review of SMS
- Look at previous Safety Meetings
- Expect a set of handover notes from the captain signing of including all mentioned!
CoC added to front of OLB and signed at back once complete
Take Over as Master
Put your name and CoC # on the front cover of the OLB and make an entry in the narrative section.
If due to proceed to sea:
- Check the passage plan & sign
- Carry out drills to ascertain level of competency of crew in emergency situation
- Signed onto crew list as Captain (MSF 4157)
If you are in doubt about your Safe Manning, you should seek clarification from flag state.
Masters Familiarisation
Initial 24HR Familiarisation:
- To be carried out by the Safety Officer or Chief Officer
- Look to see if they are done correctly and to a high standard - will give an indication of safety culture onboard
Bridge Familiarisation:
- Ships particulars and maneuvering characteristics + pilot card
- Bridge Equipment
- Radars
- ECDIS
- GMDSS - Sat C, Navtex
- Alarm Monitoring System - Vessel & ER
- CCTV
- Location of SOPEP Manual (Check quarterly update)
- Emergency changeover proceedures
- Steering
- Engine(s)
- Blind sectors of Radars posted
- Emergency Procedures Manual - Contingencies
- Controls for Miscellaneous & Emergency Equipment
- Fire Dampers & Emergency fire pumps
- Watertight Doors
- Fire Doors
- Fire Alarm Panel
- Navigation Lights and Deck Lights
- Security Systems
- General Alarm and Fire Alarms
- BNWAS
Chart and Publications Outfit
- Up to date Charts and Publications
- Check status report of any software
- Check ECDIS up to date
- ENCs
- Presentation Library
- Lastest Editions of all Mandatory Bridge Publications
How does a TRS form?
Conditions:
- Water temperatures >27 degrees C
- Far enough from equator for sufficient coroilis effect - between 5 and 30 degrees latitude
Formation:
- Warm moist air expands and rises in areas of low pressure
- The cool air from high pressure areas rush in to fill the space left by rising warm air. This air also warms and rises, starting a cycle
- The warm moist air cools and condenses, forming clouds
- Coriolis effect deflects the air to the right, however is also sucked into the centre of the low, causing a spinning effect
- Moisture from the sea continues to feed the TRS, until it reaches landfall and will dissipate due to the lack of moisture
Drills and frequency
- Fire & Abandon ship: Monthly or when 25% personnel change. Must be completed within 24 hours of leaving port when more than 25% of crew did not participate in previous month
- Enclosed Space: 2 months
- Rescue Boat: Launched each month
- Security: 3 months or 25% change in crew (7 Days)
- SOPEP: As required by SOPEP or SMS
- Emergency steering gear: 3 months
- Medical: 3 months
- Damage Control: 3 months
Masters considerations for passage planning
Master
- Compliance with National and International conventions and regulations
- Certificates in date, available and appropriate for the voyage
- Condition: Fit for the normal perils of the sea, watertight, meets her load line requirements, PMs up to date, no non-conformities in the ships SMS, machinery in good condition, LSA equipment available,
- Crew: Meet MSMD, appropriate certs/qualified, familiarised, adequate experience, well rested and fit for duty, visas
- Conduct: Safe operation of the vessel which the employer has a responsibility for (safe working environment, provide ppe, training, posters etc)
Voyage plan:
- Weather considerations for the time of year - Hurricane season Atlantic 1st June - 30 Nov
- Contingency plans, fuel stops
- Ensure accurate and up to date charts and publications are available for the intended voyage
- Security - piracy risk, citadel, fly non-essential crew, insurance
- Emission Control Areas
2/O: Passage plan as per SOLAS ch V and following APEM. Bridge/GMDSS checks
C/O: LSA checks and appropriate for voyage (insulated immersion suits), Drills/Training, vessel stowed
C/E: Bunkers, PMs, defects/non-conformities, spares
Chef: Provisions to last voyage, meal prep in bad weather
Publications carried onboard
Guidance found in SOALS ch V, Mariners Handbook or Masters Guide to the UK Flag
- The Weekly Notices to Mariners
- Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners - NP247 Parts 1&2
- Chart outfit adequate charts for the voyage and of suitable scale. It will include NP5011, Chart Correction Log and Routing Charts
- List of Radio Signals
- List of Lights
- Sailing Directions
- NP100 Mariners Handbook
- Tide Tables
- Tidal Atlases
- Nautical Almanac
- Nautical Tables (Norries)
- IAMSAR Vol. III
- The International Code of Signals
- MSNs, MGNs, MINs
- Operating and maintenance manuals for all navigational aids.
- Offical Logbook
- COSWP - Code of Safe Working Practices
- Ship Captains Medical
TMAS, MEDICO, AMVER, Sat C Comms
TMAS = Telemedical Assistance Service
MEDICO = Request or transmission of medical advice - prefaces RT
AMVER = Voluntary worldwide reporting system
Sat C
- SAC 32 (dr who) - medical advice
- SAC 38 (evacuate) - Medical assistance/evacuation required
- SAC 39 - Maritime assistance and routed to RCC
MOB - Actions?
Initial actions:
- Release MOB buoys
- Press MOB button to get a datum
- Sound the general alarm and make a PA announcement
- Reduce speed
- Hand steering
Follow up:
- Navigational risk assessment
- Inform ER and engines ready for manoeuvere
- Begin turn towards MOB
- Williamson: Hardover to 60deg, hardover opposite to 20 degrees from reciprocal course
- Anderson: Hardover until 250 degrees off original course, or casualty 20 degrees off bow
Bridge duties:
- Mayday via DSC and RT
- Consult SMS for resuce of persons from water
- Keep a log
External Teams:
- Prep rescue boat
- Prep medical response team
- Look outs - as many as possible
After the incident:
- Medical care
- Cancel mayday
- Inform relevant parties - DPA, Flag, Class, MAIB (ARF)
- Incident report
Search and Rescue
- Receive a search pattern from RCC
Finding Datum:
- Establish original datum
- Calculate time since incident
- Calculate drift using tables (MOB no leeway)
Establish search pattern:
**Witnessed: **
Sector search - Establish radius, alter course to starboard 120 degrees when reaching radius
Recent:
Expanding square: 3rd leg inceases by one leg
Unwitnessed:
Creeping line or parallel track
Determine leg lengths using sweep tables
GMDSS Carriage requirements
Under SOLAS:
- VHF radio installation capable of transmitting DSC
- 2 SARTS if over 500GT
- 3 Portable VHFs if over 500GT
- NAVTEX and SAT C as per below
Per sea area:
A1 = NAVTEX and VHF
A2 = NAVTEX, VHF and MF
A3 = NAVTEX, VHF, MF and Inmarsat C or HF
A4 = NAVTEX, VHF, MF and HF
NAVTEX fundamentals
Broadcasts Maritime Safety Information on 518kHz for international, or 490kHz for local.
Can programme information wished to be received. The following are mandatory:
A = Navigational Warnings
B = Meteorlogical Warnings
D = Search and Rescue Information
L = Navigational Warnings - additional
NAVTEX stations can be found in ALRS volumes 3 & 5 and need to be programmed into the NAVTEX prior to sailing.
Chief officer bullying - actions?
Gather evidence:
- Chat to both parties - avoid approaching with prejudice
- Witnesses
- CCTV
- Try to resolve at the lowest level possible
Inform:
- Inform C/O of hearing
- Their rights - accompanied, present own evidence + witnesses
- Place/date/time
- Potential penalty
Hearing:
- Opportunity to admit/refute
- Masters decision
- Mitigations - mental health, duty of care
Where to find rules:
- SEA
- SMS
- Masters Standing Orders
After dismissal:
- Logged in OLB
- Inform DPA and Flag
- Arrange replacement
Second officer drunk - actions?
Deal with the situation:
- Take the conn
- Nav risk assessment
- Check position, course and speed
- Traffic
- Proximity to hazards
- All equipment
- Call relief watch keeper - most rested and adjust watch schedule
- Call witness + breathalyse (25mg p/litre)
- Send to cabin
Gather evidence:
- Chat to lookout, cabin mate
- Witnesses
- Check cabin
- CCTV
- VDR
Inform:
- Inform 2/O of hearing
- Their rights - accompanied, present own evidence + witnesses
- Place/date/time
- Potential penalty
Hearing:
- Opportunity to admit/refute
- Masters decision
- Mitigations - mental health, duty of care
Where to find rules:
- SEA
- SMS
- Masters Standing Orders
After dismissal:
- Logged in OLB
- Inform DPA and Flag
- Arrange replacement
Large Yacht Code
Prescribes standards of safety and pollution prevention which are appropriate to the size and type of yacht. Based on the consideration that full compliance with SOLAS, STCW and Load Line Conventions is unreasonable and in some instances disproportionately onerous.
Includes:
- Design and construction standards: water/weathertight integrity, freeing arrangements, machinery
- Carriage requirements: LSA, FFE, GMDSS, Nav equipment
- Accommodation and recreational facilities standards
Part A applicable to yachts which are 24 metres and over in load line length, are in commercial use for sport or pleasure, do not carry cargo and do not carry more than 12 passengers;
Part B applicable to pleasure yachts of any size, in private use or engaged in trade, which carry more than 12 but not more than 36 passengers and which do not carry cargo.
Tell me about ISM?
Came into force in 1998 with provision made under SOLAS ch 9. Stems from the Herald of Free Enterprise disaster where it was realised a high portion of maritime accidents were contributed to human error and poor management practises.
The objectives of the Code are to ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or loss of life, and avoidance of damage to the environment, in particular, to the marine environment, and to property.
Masters responsibility with regards to ISM
The Company should clearly define and document the master’s responsibility with regard to:
- Implementing the safety and environmental protection policy of the Company;
- Motivating the crew in the observation of that policy;
- Orders and instructions are issued in a clear and simple manner;
- Verifying that specified requirements are observed;
- Reviewing the SMS and reporting its deficiencies to the shore based management.
The Company should ensure that the SMS contains a clear statement emphasizing the Master’s authority and responsibility to make decisions with respect to safety and pollution prevention and to request the Company’s assistance as may be necessary.
What can be found in the SMS
Safety and environmental policy
Clearly outlines the companies commitment to safety and pollution prevention
Standard Operating Procedures
For all aspects of vessel operation ie anchoring, mooring etc
Clear line of communications
Between ship and DPA/company as well as crew to Master
Reporting Methods
For non conformities, investigating accidents etc
Emergency Preparedness
Plans for emergencies - drills
Maintenance of the ship
Planned maintenance, weeklies, monthlies etc
Who is responsible for safety onboard?
- Company: overall safety
- Master: day to day safety
- Safety Officer & representatives: build a safety culture and ensure crew are being safe
- Everyone has a responsibility for safety
How to motivate crew with respect to the SMS
- Lead by example
- Approachable
- Make drills enjoyable/realistic/worthwhile
- Involve crew with safety inspections
- Provide means for communicating their feedback
- Safety meetings engaging and worthwhile
How would you report a non-conformity
- Inform DPA, Flag, Class and Port Authority
- Fill out a non-conformity form containing:
- Name of vessel
- Date of inspection
- Originator (Master)
- Due date
- Reference to standard which has been breached
- Description of non conformity and a description of corrective and preventitive actions
Outline Merchant Shipping Health and Safety Regulations 1997 (MGN 636)
- The shipowner and employer must ensure the health and safety of all seafarers and others working on board
- Each seafarer has a duty to look after their own health and safety and that of others working with them
- Establishment of safety comittees, safety reps, safety officer
- A health and safety policy should be in place
- Risk assessment should underpin all safety measures put in place
- Ensure onboard training, familiarisation etc
