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Microbiology Lecture > Final Exam Study Guide > Flashcards

Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

List all of the DNA viruses.

A

a. Paraoviruses
b. Papovavriuses
c. Adenoviruses
d. Herpes Viruses
i. herpes simplex type I and type II
ii. Varicella-Zoster
iii. Human herpesvirus
iv. Epstein-Barr Virus
v. Cytomegalovirus
vi. Kaposi Sarcoma Virus
e. Pox Viruses
i. Smallpox
ii. Molluscum contagiosum
f. Hepadnaviruses

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2
Q

List of the RNA viruses

A

a. Picorna Viruses
i. Enteroviruses
1. Polio virus
2. Coxsackie viruses
3. Echoviruses
ii. Rhinoviruses
iii. Heparnaviruses
1. Hepatitis A
b. Reoviruses
c. Noroviruses
d. Toga Viruses
i. Rubella Virus
ii. Flaviviruses
e. Orthomyxoviruses
i. Influenza A, B and C
f. Paramyxoviruses
g. Corona Viruses
h. Rhabdoviruses
i. Arenaviruses
j. Filoviruses
k. Bunyaviruses
l. Retroviruses
i. Human T-cell leukemia
ii. Human immunodeficiency virus

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3
Q

List all enveloped viruses (i.e., if the study guide does not say that it is enveloped, then it is not).

A

a. Herpes Viruses
b. Pox Viruses

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4
Q

Disease and transmission of Parvoviruses

A

Disease: Fifth disease
Transmission: Droplets

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5
Q

Disease and transmission of Papovavriruses

A

Disease: Papilloma virus
Transmission: Direct contact/to newborn

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6
Q

Disease and transmission of Adenoviruses

A

Disease: Respiratory tract infections
Transmission: droplets

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7
Q

Disease and transmission of Herpes Simplex T1

A

Disease: Causes cold sores/gingivostomatitis
Transmission: direct contact

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8
Q

Disease and transmission of Herpes Simplex T2

A

Disease: Genital herpes
Transmission: Sexually transmitted

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9
Q

Disease and transmission of Varicella-Zoster

A

Disease: Chicken pox
Transmission: Contact and droplets

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10
Q

Disease and transmission of Epstein-Barr virus

A

Disease: Mononucleosis
Transmission: by direct contact

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11
Q

Disease and transmission of Cytomegalovirus

A

Disease: General malaise, hepatitis
Transmission: direct contact and congenital

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12
Q

Disease and transmission of Pox viruses

A

Disease: Smallpox, Variola
Transmission: contact and droplet

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13
Q

Disease and transmission of Molluscum contagiosum

A

Disease: Warts on body
Transmission: direct contact

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14
Q

Disease and transmission of Rhinoviruses

A

Disease: Upper respiratory tract (common cold)
Transmission: droplets and indirect contact

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15
Q

Disease and transmission of Heparnaviruses

A

Disease: Hepatitis A
Transmission: Orally and parenteral

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16
Q

Disease and transmission of Noroviruses

A

Disease: Gastroenteritis
Transmission: Fecal-oral, person to person direct contact and indirect contact with infected surfaces

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17
Q

Disease and transmission of Toga Viruses

A

Disease: Rubella Virus, agent of rubella
Transmission: Transplacental

Disease: Flaviviruses
Transmission: arthropods

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18
Q

Disease and transmission of Orthomyxoviruses

A

Disease: Flu
Transmission: Airborne and droplet

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19
Q

Disease and transmission of Corona Viruses

A

Disease: : Common cold and SARS
Transmission: Droplets

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20
Q

Disease and transmission of Rhabdoviruses

A

Disease: Rabies
Transmission: Skin wound getting contaminated

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21
Q

Disease and transmission of Trichophyton

A

Disease: causes infections of hair, skins and nails
Transmission: arthrospores from infected individuals air, shed hair/skin by direct contact or communal showers

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22
Q

Disease and transmission Microsporum

A

Disease: causes infections of hair and skin
Transmission: arthrospores from infected individuals air, shed hair/skin by direct contact or communal showers

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23
Q

Disease and transmission of Epidermophyton

A

Disease: causes infections of skin and nails
Transmission: arthrospores from infected individuals air, shed hair/skin by direct contact or communal showers

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24
Q

Disease and transmission of Sporothrix schenckii

A

Disease: Sporothricosis
Transmission: via lymph

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25
Q

Disease and transmission of Histoplasma Capsulatum

A

Disease: Histoplasmosis; Transmission: inhalation of conidia

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26
Q

What are ways to diagnose, prevent and treat viral diseases?

A

a. Diagnose:
i. Immunodiagnosis (blood tests for detection of antibodies)
ii. Laboratory growth
iii. Tissue biopsy and microscopy
iv. Polymerase Chain Reaction
b. Treatment and Prevention:
i. Vaccines
ii. Antiviral Drugs

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27
Q

Disease and transmission of Coccidioides Immitis

A

Disease: Coccidioidomycosis Transmission: inhaling arthrospores

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28
Q

Disease and transmission of Blastomyces dermatitidis

A

Disease: Blastomycosis Transmission: inhalation of conidiospores

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29
Q

Disease and transmission of Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Disease: Crypotococcosis Transmission: Pigeon feces

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30
Q

Disease and transmission of Candida albicans

A

Disease: Candidiasis Transmission: when normal flora is disturbed of immunosuppressant host

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31
Q

Disease and transmission of Aspergillus sp.

A

Disease: Aspergillosis
Transmission: mold in air (infects lungs)

32
Q

Disease and transmission of Mucor sp

A

Disease: Mucormycosus Transmission colonizes the walls of blood vessels

33
Q

Disease and transmission of Obeumocystis jiroveci

A

Disease: Pneumocytosis pneumonia
Transmission: Droplets

34
Q

List all dimorphic fungi

A

Sporothrix schenckii

35
Q

List all yeast (not dimorphic).

A

a. Histoplasma Capsulatum
b. Coccidioides Immitis
c. Blastomyces dermatitidis
d. Cryptococcus neoformans
e. Candida albicans
f. Aspergillus sp
g. Mucor sp
h. Obeumocystis jiroveci

36
Q

Protozoans by their transmission and disease by their locomotion: Amoeba

A
  • Entamoeba histolytica; transmission: Fecal-oral
  • Nagleria fowlerii; Transmission: Nasal
37
Q

Protozoans by their transmission and disease by their locomotion: Flagella

A
  • Giardia lamblia; Transmission: Fecal-oral
  • Trichomonas vaginalis; Transmission: Sexual contact
  • Trypansoma brucei; Transmission: Vector
  • Trypansoma cruzi; Transmission: Vector
  • Leishnania Donovani; Transmission: Vector
38
Q

Protozoans by their transmission and disease by their locomotion: Cilia

A
  • Balantidium coli; Transmission: Vector
39
Q

Protozoans by their transmission and disease by their locomotion: Apicomplexan

A
  • Toxoplama gondii; Transmission: Fecal-oral
  • Plasmodium sp.; Transmission: Vector
  • Babesia microti; Transmission: Vector
  • Cryptosporidium parvum; Transmission: Fecal-oral
  • Cyclospora cataynenesis; Transmission: Fecal-oral
40
Q

Platyhelminths (flatworms) in Class Cestoda, Disease and transmission (IS and TS): Taenia saginata

A

Disease: Beef tapeworm disease
Transmission:
Eating contaminated beef
a. Infectious: Cysticerus
b. Transmission: Egg and Gravid proglottid

41
Q

Platyhelminths (flatworms) in Class Cestoda, Disease and transmission (IS and TS): Taenia solium:

A

Disease: Pork Tapeworm disease
Transmission:
Eating contaminated beef
a. Infectious: Cysticerus
b. Transmission: Egg and Gravid proglottid

42
Q

Platyhelminths (flatworms) in Class Cestoda, Disease and transmission (IS and TS): Diphyllobothrium latum

A

Disease: Fish tapeworm disease
Transmission:
Eating contaminated fish
a. Infectious: larva in copepod
b. Transmission: egg in stool

43
Q

Platyhelminths (flatworms) in Class Cestoda, Disease and transmission (IS and TS): Hymenolepis nana

A

Disease: Dwarf tapeworm disease
Transmission: Contaminated food and contact
a. Infectious and Transmission: Egg

44
Q

Platyhelminths (flatworms) in Class Cestoda, Disease and transmission (IS and TS): Echinococcus graanulosus

A

Disease: Dog tapeworm disease
Transmission:
Ingestion of eggs from dog’s feces
a. Infectious: Egg

45
Q

Platyhelminths (flatworms) in Class Trematoda, Disease and transmission (IS and TS): i.Shistosoma mansoni
ii.S. japonicum:
iii.S. haematobium:

A

Disease: Blood Fluke Disease
Transmission:
Water contact:
a. Infectious: Cercaria
b. Transmission: Egg in stool

46
Q

Platyhelminths (flatworms) in Class Trematoda, Disease and transmission (IS and TS): Faciolopsis buski

A

Disease: Intestinal fluke disease:
Transmission:Eating contaminated water plants
a. Infectious: Metacercarias
b. Transmission: Egg in stool

47
Q

Platyhelminths (flatworms) in Class Trematoda, Disease and transmission (IS and TS): Chlonorchis sinensis:

A

Disease: Chinese liver fluke disease:
Transmission:
Eating contaminated fish
a.Infectious:Metacercaria
b.Transmission: Egg in stool

48
Q

Platyhelminths (flatworms) in Class Trematoda, Disease and transmission (IS and TS): Paragonimus westermani

A

Disease: Lung fluke disease
Transmission: Eating contaminated crab
a. Infectious: Metacercarias
b. Transmission: Egg in stool and sputum

49
Q

Platyhelminths (flatworms) in Class Trematoda, Disease and transmission (IS and TS): Fasciola hepatica

A

Disease: Liver fluke disease
Transmission: Eating contaminated water plants
a. Infectious: Metacercarias
b. Transmission: Egg in stool

49
Q

Aschelminths (roundworms), transmission (IS and TS) and disease caused: Ascaris lumbricoides

A

Disease: Roundworm Disease
Transmission: Fecal-oral
Egg is Both I.S and T.S:

50
Q

Aschelminths (roundworms), transmission (IS and TS) and disease caused:
Enterobious vermicularis

A

Disease: Pinworm Disease
Transmission: Airborne, fecal-oral
Egg is Both I.S and T.S:

51
Q

Aschelminths (roundworms), transmission (IS and TS) and disease caused: Wuchererua bancrofti

A

Disease: Filariasis
Transmission: Vector (mosquito)
Larva is Both the I.S and the T.S

51
Q

Aschelminths (roundworms), transmission (IS and TS) and disease caused: Ancylostoma duodenale necator americanus

A

Disease: Hookworm disease
Transmission: Contact
Larva is Both the I.S and the T.S

51
Q

Aschelminths (roundworms), transmission (IS and TS) and disease caused: Trichuris trichuria

A

Disease: Whipworm disease
Transmission: Fecal-oral
Egg is Both I.S and T.S:

52
Q

Aschelminths (roundworms), transmission (IS and TS) and disease caused: Trichinella spiralis

A

Disease: Trichinosis
Transmission: Eating contaminated pork
Larva is Both the I.S and the T.S

52
Q

Aschelminths (roundworms), transmission (IS and TS) and disease caused: Strongyloides stercoralis

A

Disease: Strongiladiasis
Transmission: Contact
Larva is Both the I.S and the T.S

53
Q

Aschelminths (roundworms), transmission (IS and TS) and disease caused: Dracunculus medinensis

A

Disease: Guinea worm disease
Transmission: Contaminated food and water
Larva is Both the I.S and the T.S

54
Q

Aschelminths (roundworms), transmission (IS and TS) and disease caused: Loa loa

A

Disease: Eyeworm Disease
Transmission: Vector
Larva is Both the I.S and the T.S

55
Q

List all Gram-negative cocci of medical relevance, the disease they causea. Neisseria meningitides and Neisseria gonorrhoea

A

Neisseria meningitides: agent of meningitis
Neisseria gonorrhoea: agent of gonorrhea

55
Q

Gram-positive cocci of medical relevance, the disease they cause
Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoni, pyogenes, and faecalis

A

Staphylococcus aureus: food poisoning

Staphylococcus epidermidis: wound infections

Streptococcus pneumoni: pneumonia and other respiratory diseases

Streptococcus pyogenes: agent of pharyngitis

Streptococcus faecalis: sub-acute endocarditis and UTI’s

56
Q

List Gram-positive bacilli of medical relevance, the disease they cause and how they are transmitted, Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheria, Listeria monocytogenes

A

Bacillus anthracis:
i. Pulmonary anthrax: Transmission: inhalation of spores
ii. Intestinal anthrax: Transmission: ingesting infected meat
Corynebacterium diphtheria: causes diphtheria
Listeria monocytogenes: produces listeriosis

57
Q

List all Gram-negative bacilli of medical relevance, the disease they cause and how they are transmitted.
HeamophilusBoardetella
Brucella
Yersinis pestis
Campylobacter jejuni
Legionella pneumophila
Francisella tularensis

A

Heamophilus-Boardetella:
i. Haemophilus influenza; Transmitted: via respiratory route (droplets)
ii. Bordetella pertussis; Transmission: droplets
b. Brucella: Undulant fever; transmission: unpasteurized milk
c. Yersinis pestis: Bubonic plague; Transmission: Droplets
d. Campylobacter jejuni: Gastric Ulcers; Transmission: animal reservoirs (milk food and water)
e. Legionella pneumophila; Legionnaires’ Disease; Transmission: Aerosols
f. Francisella tularensis: Tularemia; Transmission: Contact with infected animals, eating contaminated meats, fleas/ticks

58
Q

List all anaerobic bacteria of medical relevance, the disease they cause and how they are transmitted
Bacteriedes fragilis
Genus Clostridium

A

a. Bacteriedes fragilis:
b. Genus Clostridium: Produce endotoxins
i. Clostridium tetani
ii. Clostridium botulinum
iii. Clostridium perfringens
iv. Clostridium difficille

59
Q

atypical bacteria, the disease they cause and how they are transmitted.
Chlamydia

A

i. Chlamydia psittaci: Psittacosis; Transmission; Inhalation of elementary bodies
ii. Chlamydia trachomatis: Ocular trachoma (eye infections); Transmission: hand contact

60
Q

atypical bacteria, the disease they cause and how they are transmitted.
Rickettsia

A

i. Rickettsia prowazekii: Typhus; Transmission: Body lice
ii. Rickettsia rickettsi: Rocky Mountain spotted fever; Transmission: ticks

61
Q

atypical bacteria, the disease they cause and how they are transmitted.
Coxiella burnetti

A

Q fever; Transmission: Airborne from sick cattle/ticks

62
Q

atypical bacteria, the disease they cause and how they are transmitted.
Rochalimea quintana

A

Trench fever; Transmission: Body lice and human secretions

63
Q

spirochetes, the disease they cause and how they are transmitted.
Treponema pallidum

A

Syphilis; Transmission: Sexual contact

64
Q

spirochetes, the disease they cause and how they are transmitted.
Borrelia recurrentis:

A

Relapsing fever; Transmission: lice

65
Q

spirochetes, the disease they cause and how they are transmitted.
Borrelia bugdorferi:

A

Lyme disease Transmission: Ticks

66
Q

spirochetes, the disease they cause and how they are transmitted.
Leptospira interrogans

A

Leptospirosis; Transmission: Contact with contaminated water

67
Q

List all bacteria that are encapsulated (i.e., have capsules).

A

a. Klebsiella pneumonia
b. Bacillus anthracis
c. Streptococcus pneumonia
d. Haemophilus influenza
e. Bordetella pertussis

68
Q

List all bacteria that cause pneumonia.

A

a. Myoplasma pneumonia
b. Streptococcus pneumonia

69
Q

List all bacteria that cause meningitis.

A

a. Neisseria meningitides
b. Streptococcus pneumonia
c. Escherichia coli
d. Haemophilus influenza
e. Listeria monocytogenes
f. Borrelia bugdorferi
g. Leptospira interrogans

70
Q

List all bacteria that cause gastroenteritis.

A

a. Salmonella typhi

71
Q

List bacteria that are normal microbiota.

A

a. Escherichia coli
b. Staphylococcus aureus

72
Q
  1. List all the diseases that are due to toxemia (i.e., due to the presence or release of a toxin).
A

a. Corynebacterium diphtheriae
b. Clostridium tetani
c. Clostridium botulinum
d. Clostridium perfringens
e. Clostridium difficille

Microbiology Lecture (13 decks)

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