Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

anatomy and physiology 1 > final exam review part 1 > Flashcards

final exam review part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three types of muscle ?

A

skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does skeletal muscle attach to?

A

bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what types of bone is striated?

A

skeletal and cardiac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

is skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary?

A

voluntary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

is cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary ?

A

involuntary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where is cardiac muscle located?

A

in the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where is smooth muscle located?

A

blood vessels and hollow organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are some functions of the muscular system?

A

movement, maintain posture, respiration, communication, and contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is contractility ?

A

the ability for a muscle to contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is excitability?

A

a muscles response to stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

elasticity is ___

A

the ability for a muscle to recoil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

skeletal muscle attaches to _____

A

the skeletal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does striated mean ?

A

horizontal lines can be seen under a microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is sarcoplasm ?

A

the cytoplasm of a muscle cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

A

The smooth ER of a skeletal cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

explain what a myofiliament is

A

a protein thread that forms sarcomeres in skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the 2 types of myofiliament?

A

actin and myosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

which myofiliament is thin ?

A

actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

describe what a sarcomere is

A

the smallest part of a muscle that contracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what separates the sarcomere from another sarcomere?

A

the z line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

for actin what 2 proteins help bind?

A

troponin ans tropomyosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

which is the dark band, A or I

A

the a is the dark band, remember this because d comes before L in the alphabet

23
Q

what is a motor neuron?

A

the cells that stimulate contraction

24
Q

explain what the neuromuscular junction is

A

the synaptic junction between the axons and fibers

25
Q

what is a synapse?

A

a junction between a nerve cell and another nerve/muscle cell

26
Q

what happens to myosin and actin when a muscle contracts?

A

they slide past each other

27
Q

when muscles relax, what happens to the sarcomere?

A

it gets longer

28
Q

why is the neuromuscular junction important?

A

each muscle cell is innervated by a specific motor neuron

29
Q

what does the action potential do?

A

stimulates the neuron

30
Q

describe how an action potential happens

A

the action potential travels down to the presynaptic terminal, the calcium opens, acetylcholine is released into the terminal, the sodium Chanel is opened

31
Q

how are muscle fibers excited ?

A

with electricity

32
Q

what part of the cell is more negative in electrically charged cells?

A

the inside

33
Q

what part of the cell is more positively charged in electrically charged cells?

A

the outside

34
Q

when there is an electrical charge difference across the membrane, what do we call this?

A

resting membrane potential

35
Q

inside the cell, which element is more highly concentrated?

A

potassium

36
Q

outside the cell, which element is more highly concentrated?

A

sodium

37
Q

when there is a leak channel, what diffuses in vs out

A

sodium diffuses in, potassium diffuses out

38
Q

what reverses the resting membrane potential?

A

the action potential

39
Q

what is depolarization?

A

when the excess of potassium is diffused into the cell, the cell’s inside becomes more positive

40
Q

what happens if threshold is reached?

A

an action potential is fired

41
Q

after depolarization, what happens to the muscle fiber ?

A

it returns to the polarized state

42
Q

what does calcium bind to?

A

the thin filaments

43
Q

which part of the actin myofilimant does the calcium bind to?

A

troponin

44
Q

where do we get the energy to contract muscles?

A

ATP

45
Q

describe muscle relaxation

A

acetylcholine is no longer being released, action potentials stop, the cross bridge stops

46
Q

describe muscle contraction

A

muscle is stimulated by neuron, stimulation excites fibers, depolarization occurs, calcium is released to contract the muscle

47
Q

what is a motor unit?

A

single neuron and the fibers it innervates

48
Q

what is muscle mass loss called?

A

atrophy

49
Q

what connects muscle to bone?

A

tendons

50
Q

what is an agonist muscle?

A

a muscle who works with other muscles to do a specific action

51
Q

what is an antagonist muscle?

A

a muscle who performs the opposite action

52
Q

what is the primary muscle of respiration?

A

the diaphragm

53
Q

what does the deltoid do?

A

flex, extend, and abduct arm

54
Q

what is the purpose of the rotator cuffs?

A

to stabilize the shoulder joints

anatomy and physiology 1 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions