Final Exam pt 3

Question 1

How is personality defined?

Answer 1

• Characteristic pattern of thinking and feeling
• “The style in which we interact with the world” (Baird, 2011)

Question 2

What does the psychoanalytic perspective focus on?

Answer 2

Focus is on the unconscious mind

Question 3

Psychodynamic theory

Answer 3

Any theory of behavior that emphasizes internal conflicts, motives, and unconscious forces.

Question 4

Who used the iceberg analogy and what is it an analogy for?(know examples of id, ego, superego)

Answer 4

(Sigmund Freud) a metaphor to understand the unconscious mind

• Id - Pleasure Principles (go party have plenty of time to study)
• Superego - Morals (need to study all the time)
• Ego - Reality principle (find balance; study for 1hr, go party leave early)

Question 5

Know Freud’s psychosexual stages - age range, the main body area focused on.

Answer 5

*Fixation can occur at any point
-Oral (first year) feeding ex. baby gets bottle removed at young age & starts w/ cup; Adult fixation: chews tobacco, smoke ect.

• Anal (toddlers) Toilet Training ex. neat freak; Adult fixation: orderliness
• Phallic (early childhood)5-4 yrs,Oedipus (“Electra”) Complex; Adult fixation: sexual dysfunction; Penis Envy, Castration Anxiety

-Latency (school aged)
Forget Oedipal desires
Develop reality principles

-Genital (adolescence)
Re-emergence of sexual anxiety; sexual maturity

Question 6

Oedipus complex

Answer 6

Little boys being in love with mom

Question 7

Electra complex

Answer 7

little girls being in love with dad

Question 8

Describe: penis envy

Answer 8

Females feel inferior, did something wrong because do not have same anatomy as child

Question 9

Describe:castration anxiety

Answer 9

little boy thinks if he is bad he will loose his penis

Question 10

What is a fixation?

Answer 10

getting stuck in one stage of psychosexual development

Question 11

Trait theory - define

Answer 11

• Describe the personality of someone you know well
• Trait perspective is often used to measure personality

(ex. The Big Five)

Question 12

Rotter’s basic idea

Answer 12

• behavior potential
• reinforcement value
• expectancy
• psychological situation.

Question 13

Know the Big 5 / OCEAN

Answer 13

• Openness to experience: From outgoing interested in new things, to reserved and conforting
• Conscientiousness : From organized and determined to careless
• Extroversion: From preferring group activities to preferring more solitude, small groups
• Agreeableness: From helpful and understanding to argumentative
• Neuroticism : From instability to reserved, calm