Final Exam pt 1

Question 1

Define developmental psychology

Answer 1

-Physical, mental, emotional, social changes from conception to death

(“Womb to tomb”)

Question 2

what is the age range of interest

Answer 2

Conception to death; Womb to tomb

Question 3

Three Domains of Development:

Answer 3

1. Physical Domain (change in size, shape , and characteristics of the body- also includes sense and perceptions of the world… e.g. depth perception)
2. Cognitive Domain (changes in thinking, memory, problem solving, and other intellectual skills)
3. Social Domain (changes in variables associated with the relationship of an individual to others)

Question 4

What are teratogens & what do they do?

Answer 4

Cause birth defects and / or developmental problems

Alcohol: low birth weight, intellectual disabilities

Cigarette smoke: low birth weight, miscarriage, cognitive delays

OTC Medications (aspirin): prolonged labor, bleeding in mother and baby

Tylenol (acetaminophen): ADHD

Question 5

what are the different teratogens/ the effects?(3)

Answer 5

• Alcohol: causes intellectual disabilities, low birth weight (LBW)
  -Cigarette Smoke:- LBW, Still birth, Miscarriage
  -Lasting cognitive delays
• Over- the counter-meds:
  Aspirin-prolonged labor, bleeding in mother & baby
  Acetaminophen and ADHD?

Question 6

What area of development did Piaget study?

Answer 6

(Cognitive Development)
- How we understand the world is important

Question 7

What are Piaget’s stages, age ranges and key aspects of each stage?

Answer 7

(Four stages)

• Sensorimotor (reflexive > symbolic) INFANCY (birth-2 yrs)
• Preoperational (egocentric) 3-5 YRS their perspective of world
• Concrete operational (logical)6-7 yrs Understand principles
• Formal operational (abstract) (adolescence-adulthood) understand concepts
  ex. X^2 +b^= c^2

Question 8

Know attachment theory well

(infant to adult)

Answer 8

• Attachment is an enduring emotional tie to someone(s)
• We seek closeness; need someone we can depend on

Question 9

What is the role Bowlby, Harlow, and Ainsworth played in attachment?

Answer 9

• John Bowlby - orphan(identified that we need attachment figure)
• Mary Ainsworth - secure vs insecure (strange situation)
• Harry Harlow’s- attachment between mother and child goes beyondsurvivial; monkey research(sees Manichean as mother)