Final Exam Material (test 1)

Question 1

is Fungi a biological domain?

what are the three biological domains?

Answer 1

no, 1. Eukarya 2. Bacteria 3. Archaea

Question 2

of the following, which is not a biological organism? E. Coli, HIV, C. Botulinium, hemoglobin

Answer 2

HIV- virus’ are not living cells they are an assembly of particles

Question 3

Bacteria are measure in

Answer 3

Microns (micrometers)

Question 4

Nitrogen fixation is beneficial or hurtful to humans?

Answer 4

beneficial to all forms of life that synthesize N2 for life.

Question 5

in 1892 Demitri Levonsky discovered?

Answer 5

the tobacco mosaic virus on plants

Question 6

Characteristics of living things include these four things

Answer 6

responsivenenss to environment, 2 reproduction 3. stable internal invironment 4 intake and output

Question 7

a strand of RNA surrounded by a protein is?

Answer 7

a virus

Question 8

The significant findings of Pasteur are?

Answer 8

spontaneous generation does not occur and that of anthrax testing

Question 9

A confuncal microscope can

Answer 9

combine data to make a more detailed image, up to 10,000 magnification

Question 10

a phase contrast microscope can

Answer 10

amplify refractive index to produce greater contrast

Question 11

atomic force microscope can

Answer 11

use small probe to examine surface area

Question 12

compound microscope can

Answer 12

uses objective lens and ocular lens (magnifies with two lens)

Question 13

the microscopes we use in lab are

Answer 13

bright field microscopes

Question 14

When simple staining an acid, the background should be

Answer 14

purple

Question 15

a gram stain shows pink rods, this means

Answer 15

the bacteria has LPS in membrane, cant be destroyed by penicillin and doesnt have several layers of peptidoglycan

Question 16

acid fast bacilli found in the mouth could mean

Answer 16

TB

Question 17

Gram stain percedure includes

Answer 17

1. apply rinse repeat

Question 18

what optical problem is fixed with oil

Answer 18

refraction

Question 19

organelles not found in bacteria include

Answer 19

mitochondria

Question 20

glycocalyx

Answer 20

slime can turn into dental plaque

Question 21

conjugation is the process in which?

Answer 21

two cells connect via a pilus and once attached share a plasmid. the second cell is now able to reproduce a plasmid via conjugation

Question 22

many peptidoglycan and some teichoic acid is characteristic of

Answer 22

cell wall of G+ bacteria

Question 23

for what purpose does bacteria use Fimbriae

Answer 23

to adhear to surfaces

Question 24

morphology of streptococcus mutans is likely

Answer 24

berries

Question 25

organelles present in plant cells but not prokaryotes are

Answer 25

cytoskeleton, chloroplast, 80s ribosomes and lysosomes

Question 26

Chitin is usually found where>

Answer 26

fungal cell wals

Question 27

the endosymbiotic theory suggests that

Answer 27

mitochondria of animal cells and that cholorplasts of plant cells are indwelling prokaryotes

Question 28

bacteria known as anaerobic halophile means

Answer 28

will grow in high salt low oxygen environment only

Question 29

psycrophile or cryophiles are

Answer 29

organisms capable of growing at low degrees

Question 30

osmotic pressure that inhibits microbial growth is seen in

Answer 30

pickle juice

Question 31

gram - cell walls include

Answer 31

LPS outer membrane, low peptidoglycan, layer of periplasm and may have glycocalyx external to it

Question 32

bacterial growth curve

Answer 32

log phase, lag phase, stationary phase, death phase, phase of prolonged decline

Question 33

a plasmid is known as

Answer 33

non-nucleoid mass of DNA

Question 34

endotoxin ex is?

Answer 34

the LPS outer membrane

Question 35

flagella is used for

Answer 35

motility

Question 36

strands of human DNA have been inserted into lab bacteria, product equals

Answer 36

bacteria produces insulin

Question 37

what posseses chloroplasts?

Answer 37

algae

Question 38

scanning electron microscope does what?

Answer 38

bounces electron beams off surface of specimen to produce 3d image

Question 39

resolution refers to

Answer 39

ability of microscope to distinguish between two points

Question 40

what are basic stains

Answer 40

methalyne blue, sefranin, crystal violet

Question 41

facultative anaerobe means

Answer 41

makes ATP by oxygen if O2 is present but if not present does not need O2

Question 42

agar is used as growth medium becasue

Answer 42

it is solid at room temp and wont be consumed by bacteria

Question 43

nutrient agar (or complex medium) might contain

Answer 43

peptone and beef extract

Question 44

destruction of life forms indicates

Answer 44

sterilization

Question 45

what is one effective sterilizer?

Answer 45

autoclave

Question 46

of the follwing disinfectants, which are halogens? mercury and copper, theonal and isopropanol, iodine and chlorine, o-phenyphenol and chlorhexidine

Answer 46

iodine and chlorine

Question 47

how to find number of bacteria after x hours?

Answer 47

Number = organisms present x 2^number of hours