Final Exam: Chapter 17 Human Evolution

Question 1

members of the “human” branch of the hominid clade, including the genus homo and its close relatives such as Australopithecus, but NOT Pan, Gorilla, or Pongo

Answer 1

Hominins

Question 2

members of the clade containing humans(homo), chimpanzees and bonobos (Pan), gorillas (gorilla), and orangutans (pongo). commonly referred to a great apes

Answer 2

hominids

Question 3

hominins first emerged at the end of the ______ period

Answer 3

Miocene (23-5.3 mya)

Question 4

the tools at ____ are the earliest evidence of a distinctive stone-tool industry

Answer 4

Gona

Question 5

Oldowan

Answer 5

named for a region of Kenya where some of the first tools of this period were discovered - Oldowan tools suggest that hominins could think more abstractly than their ancestors

Question 6

Acheulean technology

Answer 6

tools associated with hominins between 1.7 mya and 100,000 years ago.
found across Africa, Asia, and Europe
Often found in association with homo erectus remains
Display more sophistication in construction that Oldowan tools

Question 7

hominins first emerged out of

Answer 7

africa

Question 8

levallois tools

Answer 8

tools formed by a distinctive method of stone knapping involving the striking of flakes from a prepared core.this technique was much more sophisticated than earlier toolmaking styles, and flakes could be shaped into sharp scrapers, knives, and projectile points

Question 9

the discovery of this manipulated item suggested that neanderthals wore jewlery

Answer 9

shells

Question 10

____ _________ gave rise to our species homo sapiens and neanderthals also diverged from this species

Answer 10

homo heidelbergensis

Question 11

both molecular and fossil evidence suggest that humans and neanderthals represent separate parallel lineages descended from a common ancestor living in _____

Answer 11

africa

Question 12

an important part of the evolution of primates was a shift away from smell to _____ as the dominant sense

Answer 12

sight

Question 13

this factor of humans distinguishes us from any other species

Answer 13

language

Question 14

which gene and area of the brain play a major role in processing language

Answer 14

FOXP2 gene in Broca’s area

Question 15

the human brain evolved in response to a complex variety of selective pressures related to ________

Answer 15

social living

Question 16

Cultural evolution occurs when

Answer 16

human practices are passed from generation to generation

Question 17

one of the most important forces driving the evolution of modern humans is

Answer 17

genetic drift

Question 18

example of natural selection working on human traits

Answer 18

lactose tolerance; tibetans with gene that allows them to survive better at high elevations; women with low cholesterol (produce more offspring)

Question 19

part of the brain that processes emotions

Answer 19

amygdala

Question 20

vasopressin

Answer 20

“love drug” - 1 male with 1 female bond

Question 21

humans sometimes make irrational decisions using

Answer 21

neural circuits that evolved to evaluate rewards more than 30 mya