Final Exam Flashcards
Short term memory holds info for how long?
30 sec
The study of sensory memory is associated with who?
George Sperling
George Sperling is associated with what?
Sensory Memory
Alzheimer’s disease causes what?
neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaque
CTE or Chronis Traumatic Encephalopathy describes what?
brain degeneration likely caused by repeated head traumas aka “football brain”
What is thinking?
a mental activity associated with transforming information in an effort to make a decision, reach a solution, or form a belief
What was the first intelligence test to determine mental age?
Stanford Binet
Which test was originally designed for adults (intelligence test)?
Wechsler adult intelligence scale and the mean was 100
Which IQ score signifies gifted ability?
130 or higher
What is an inherited threadlike structure composed of ONE MOLECULE of DNA
Chromosomes
what molecule provides instructions for the development of an organism
DNA
What is a gene
a specified segment of a DNA molecule
What are monozygotic twins?
Identical twins who develop from one egg and their DNA is exactly alike
What are dizygotic twins?
fraternal twins who develop from two eggs and 50 percent of their DNA is the same
Which chromosome pair determines genetic sex?
the 23rd
What does XX mean in terms of chromosomes?
female
What does XY in chromosome terms mean?
Male
What is an individuals complete collection of genes
Genotype
What is an observable expression or characteristic of one’s genetic inheritance
Phenotype
Environmental agents that can damage the growing zygote, embryo, or fetus and create a birth defect
Tertatogens
What are Piaget’s stages of cognitive developement?
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Conrete Operational, and Formal Operational
Who is associated with cognitive development?
Vygotsky
What is Vygotsky associated with?
Cognitive development
What is the Zone of Proximal Development?
The gap between what a child can do and what he/she can do with the guidance and help of others
What topic is Mary Ainsworth connected to?
Attachment
What is scaffolding?
Children are pushed to go just beyond what they are competent and capable of doing while being provided help in a decreasing manner
What is ambivalent attachment?
When a child is anxious before the primary caregiver leaves, is extremely upset when they do leave, and both seeks and resists contact in his or her return
The psychoanalytic theory was devised by who?
Freud
What was Frued’s Theory?
He believed everything linked to sexual issues
What is ID?
Primitive structure of the mind - guided by the pleasure seeking principle
What is ego?
Strives to satisfy the id’s desire but is socially appropriate ways - guided by reality principle
Superego
guides behavior to follow the rules of society, parents, or other authority figures - guided by morality principle
Who made the Behavioral theory?
Alfred Adler
What is the behavioral theory?
humans are not pleasure seekers but are conscious and intentional in their behaviors
What does birth order relate to?
Alfred Adlers behavioral theory
What is the first born known for?
overachievers
what is the middle Middle Born known for?
very social - always craving attention
What is the last born known for?
rebellious, spoiled, may always get there way
What are the two parts of the humanistic theory?
- People are innately good and in control of their destinies
- positive aspects of human nature drive personality development
Who created the two parts of humanistic theory?
Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers
What was Abraham Maslow interested in?
interest in self-actualizers, or people who are continually seeking to reach their fullest potential (conscious)
What was Carl Rogers interested in?
we have an innate urge to move toward situations and people that will help us grow and away from those that could inhibit growth (unconscious)
What was Bandura’s Theory?
Social-Cognitive Perspective
What is the Social-Cognitive perspective?
Personality results from relationships and other environmental factors (social) and patterns of thinking (cognitive)
had an importance of self-efficacy - one’s believe about their ability and effectiveness in reaching their goals
environment affects personality
What is GAD?
Generalized Anxiety Disordered - an excessive worry and unease concerning multiple aspects of her life
What is the stress response to agreeable or positive stressors?
Eustress - for example, getting married, having children, planning vacations
What is the Hypothalamus?
responsible for keeping our body in a healthy, balanced state
what is the hippocampus?
the memory system that is most effected by stress
What is the Primary Appraisal?
the initial assessment that an event is challenging or stressful
What is secreted by the adrenal cortex?
Cortisol
What impairs the function of white blood cells?
Stress
