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TherEx > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve Injury Healing

A

2-4 years

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2
Q

Normal Posture

A

-Through ear, GH joint, greater trochanter
-Anterior to knee and lat mal

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3
Q

Lordotic Posture

A

-lordotic with kyphosis
-increased lumbosacral angle

-forward head
-abducted scaps
-kyphotic thoracic
-hyperextended lumbar
-Hips flexed
-anterior pelvic tilt
-hyperextended knees

-Short/tight: low back, hip flexors, neck extensors
-Weak/lengthened: abs, erectors, upper back, hamstrings

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4
Q

Swayback Posture

A

-lordotic with kyphosis
-flat lumbar spine

-forward head
-winged scaps
-kyphotic thoracic
-flat lumbar
-Hips hyperextended
-posterior pelvic tilt
-hyperextended knees

-Weak/Lengthedt: upper back, hip flexors, neck flexors, ex obliques
-Short/tight: internal oblique, erectors, low back, hamstrings

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5
Q

Flatback Posture

A

-decreased lumbosacral angle

-forward head
-flat thoracic
-flat lumbar
-Hips extended
-posterior pelvic tilt
-extended knees

-Short/tight: abs, hamstrings
-Weak/lengthened: hip flexors

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6
Q

Ligament Injuries

A

-trauma, mechanical stress, gender differences
-3-6weeks
-85% type I collagen, turn into type III
-30-50% weaker

Laxity:
-3 weeks= mild tension
-6 weeks= resume normal activities
-12 weeks= almost max tensile strength

Time:
-Grade 1: 0-3 days
-Grade 2: 3w to 6months
-Grade 3: 5w to 1 yr
-Graft: 3m to 2 yrs

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7
Q

Tendon Injuries

A

-singular incident or cummulative
-patial tear or rupture @ junction
-surgical repair essential for full return if >50% diameter

Healing:
-limited blood supply, 7.5x lower than muscle
-type III collagen aligned randomly (proliferative)
-increase in type 1 lonngitudianlly (remodeling)

Timelines:
-Tendinopathy/itis: 3-7 weeks
-Tendinosis: 2-6 months
-Laceration: 5w to 6 months

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8
Q

Muscle Injuries

A

Time:
-Exercise Induced: 0-3days
-Grade 1: 0-14 days
-Grade 2: 4 days to 3 months
-Grade 3: 3 weeks to 6 months

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9
Q

Bone Healing Time

A

5 weeks to 3 months

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10
Q

Articular Cartilage Tear

A

2 months to 2 years

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11
Q

Fundamental 6-Pack

A

TrA/IO
Multifidus
Pelvic Floor
Glute Max
Lat
Diaphragm

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12
Q

Sacral Nutation and Pelvic Movements

A

-flexion in relation to innominates
-base moves ant and inf
-Apex moves pos and sup

Open Chain:
-Posterior innominate, PPT, decreased lordosis, hip flx, spinal extension, PF post
-ASIS up, PSIS down

Closed Chain:
-Posterior innominate, hip ext

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13
Q

Sacral Counternutation and Pelvic Movements

A

-extension in relation to innominate
-base moves post and sup
-Apex moves ant and inf

Open Chain:
-Anterior innominate, APT, increased lordosis, hip ext, spinal flexion, PF anteriorly
-ASIS down, PSIS up

Closed Chain:
-Anterior innominate, hip flexion

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14
Q

Lateral Pelvic Tilt

A

-hip drops, same side abd, opposite side add
-hip hikes, same side add, opposite side Abd

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15
Q

Pelvic Rotation

A

-anterior rotation produces IR of stance
-posterior rotation produced ER of stance

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16
Q

Tendinopathy Exercise Prescription

A
  1. Isometrics
  2. Isotonics
  3. Plyometrics (energy storage)
  4. Return to Sport
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17
Q

PAILS/RAILS

A

-stretch problem child restricting motion (1-2mins)
-activate problem child 10-100% (15s)
-activate target muscle 100% (10s)

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18
Q

Hip IR Importance

A

-hip IR when extending from flexed
-when flexed 60-100deg

Ex:
-frog breathing
-box squat isometric hold
-unwinding
-side-lying Stride

drives force into the ground

19
Q

Femoroacetabular Impingement

A

-FAI
-damages labrum snd cartilage

Cam Impingement:
-related to femoral head and neck morphology
-common with SCFE or LCPerthes
-anteversion or coxa vara

Pincer Impingement:
-acetabular abnormalities
-retroversion, coxa profunda
-woman>

Pain locations:
-Flx, IR, clicking, dec ROM, pain, giving away

20
Q

Total Hip Precautions

A

-WB?
-Hardware
-Education/functional training/infection/DVT
-Mobilization
-Restore ROM

Post:
-no flx, IR, ADD

Ant:
-no ext, ER, ABD

Lateral:
-hip abd

21
Q

Knee Surgery Goals

A

-ROM (ext) 0-110
-strength
-pain/swelling

22
Q

Meniscus

A

-enhance stability and increase contact
-shock absorption (50-70% in flx, 85-90% in ext)
-lubrication

Movement:
-posterior with flx, anterior with ext
-helps nutrition and vascularization

23
Q

Anterior Cruciate Ligament

A

Motions:
-prevents ant tibial translation (post femur)
-Prevents tibial IR

Orientation:
-medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle
-anterior medial tibia

Anteromedial Bundle:
-taut in flexion

Posteriorlateral Bundle:
-taut in ext

24
Q

Posterior Cruciate Ligament

A

Motions:
-prevents ant femoral translation (post femur)
-Prevents tibial IR
-Prevents varus/valgus forces

Orientation:
-posterior lateral tibia
-lateral aspect of medial femoral condyle

Anterolateral bundle:
-taut in flexion

Posteriomedial Bundle:
-taut in ext

25
Q

Posterolateral Corner Injury

A

-popliteus tendon, popliteofibular ligament, LCL, ITB, biceps femoral

MOI:
-direct varus hit to tibial on an extended knee
-posterior force on flexed knee with tibial ER
-chronically after trauma to ACL or PCL

S/s:
-varus thrust gait
-posterolateral instability
-knee giving way
-common fib irritation

Tx:
-hinged brace
-avoid active flx for 4 months

26
Q

ACL Interventions (Strong/moderate/weak)

A

Strong:
-Therex
-Estim
-Neuro re-ed

Moderate:
-immobilization
-cryo
-rehab

Weak:
-CPM
-knee bracing
-early weight bearing

27
Q

ACL Injury Prevention CPG

A

Strong:
-review lit
-use programs before sports
-multiple components
-high compliance

Moderate:
-handball players 15-17
-don’t have to include balance
-programs led by coaches and med prof

28
Q

Osgood Schlattter Syndrome vs. SLJS

A

OS:
-tib tub
-pain at tib tub with activity
-may have swelling

SLJS:
-at inferior pole of patella
-pain with activity
-swelling/calcificattion at inf pole

29
Q

High Ankle Sprain

A

-at Tibiofibular syndesmosis
-interosseous membrane
-anterior talofibular lig
-during ER and DF

S/s:
-less swelling, NWB, bruising, cant fully PF

30
Q

Lateral Ankle Sprain

A

-inv and PF

Mild: 5-14d, atfl
Mod: 2-3w, atfl, cfl
Severe: 3-12w, cfl, ptfl

31
Q

Medial Ankle Sprain

A

-Eversion
-rare

S/s:
-medial side brusing and swelling
-NWB

32
Q

Dorsiflexion at Talocrural J

A

Open Chain: talus rolls anteriorly and glides posteriorly
Closed Chain: mortise rolls and glides anteriorly

-Closed packed position full DF

33
Q

Plantarflexion at Talocrural J

A

Open Chain: talus rolls posteriorly and glides anteriorly
Closed Chain: mortise rolls and glides posteriorly

-Loose packed position 5-10deg

34
Q

Subtalar Motion

A

Open Chain:
-Supination: calcaneal INV, ADD/PF
-Pronation: calcaneal EV, ABD/DF

Closed Chain:****
-Supination: calcaneal INV, talar ABD/DF, tib/fib LR (closed packed)
-Pronation: calcaneal EV, talar ADD/PF

Resting: btwn pronation and supination
Closed Packed: supination
Capsular Pattern: Sup/in» pron/ev

35
Q

Shoe Considerations

A

High Arches: mobility shoe
Low Arches: stability shoe

36
Q

Order of Exercise Progression

A

Mobility>Control>Load

37
Q

Hinge Movement Progressions/Regression

A

Supine (bridge to thrust)> Standing (assisted to Good Morning)>Single Leg (b stance to SL RDL)

38
Q

Mobility

A

-find out what is decreasing it
-muscle, tone, stiffness

Tx:
-Self-mobility (breathing, foam roll, massage stick, stretch)
-Manual Therapy

39
Q

Control

A

-stability and Nm control
-Train for strength AND function in OC/CC

40
Q

Load

A

-progressions and regressions

41
Q

Squat Progressions/Regression

A

Leg Press > Assisted Squat > Sit to Stand > Counterbalance Squat > Squat

42
Q

Step Up Progressions/Regression

A

Assistted step up > BW > Weighted > Crossover (curtsy)

43
Q
A

TherEx (20 decks)

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