Final Exam Flashcards
What predisposition is the one main concern of handling and restraining swine?
heat stress hyperthermia
Blindfolding causes a pig to do what?
walk backwards
Do pigs like to be picked up?
no
Can pigs revert to feral without handling?
yes
Are pigs social animals?
yes
Will pigs be vocal the whole time when being handled?
yes
What is the proper location to apply a hog snare or snubbing rope?
around upper jaw
What is the average birth weight of a piglet?
3-4 pounds
Is hyperthermia a common cause of death in neonatal piglets?
no
Is crushing a common cause of death in neonatal piglets?
yes
Is suffocating by litter mates a common cause of death in neonatal piglets?
yes
Is starvation a common cause of death in neonatal piglets?
yes
What is the most important need of the newborn piglet immediately after birth?
clearing airway
Are vitamin B12 injections usually done during swine processing?
no
Is tail docking usually done during swine processing?
yes
Is castration usually done during swine processing?
yes
Is clipping needle teeth usually done during swine processing?
yes
Is ear notching or tattooing usually done during swine processing?
yes
What is the total normal number of needle teeth in the pigs?
8
Tail docking in pigs is commonly done to prevent what?
tail biting
What is the primary defense mechanism of swine?
biting
What is the normal temperature for the pig?
101-103.5
Is it true that boar semen survives current methods of cry preservation well?
no
The “tusks” of male swine are which teeth?
upper/lower canines
In terms of digestion what are swine?
monogastric omnivores
What is a young female pig, from birth up to and including pregnant with first litter?
gilt
What is a barrow?
male pig castrated before puberty
What is a sow?
female pig who has mothered a litter
What is a run in terms of pigs?
a piglet weighting less than 2 pounds at birth
Which digits do swine walk on?
3 and 4
Can the pulse of swine be easily palpated on the carotid artery?
no
Can the pulse of swine be easily palpated on the auricular artery?
yes
Can the pulse of swine be easily palpated on the coccygeal artery?
yes
Can the pulse of swine be easily palpated on the femoral artery?
yes
Are retained placental common in swine?
no
Are stillbirths common in swine?
yes
What ist he average gestation time in the pig?
114 days
Are the tusks of a pig open or closed rooted?
open rooted
Why do we place a ring in the nose of a pig?
discourage rooting
Can pigs hear and smell very well?
yes
Do pigs have 36 adult teeth?
no
Do pigs have only two toes?
no
Is the vision of the pig excellent?
no
Do pigs respect solid barriers?
yes
What is the term for the act of giving birth to piglets?
farrowing
Llamas, Guanacos, Vicunas, and Alpacas come from what part of the world?
south america
Is it true that camelid dung is used for fuel in mane parts of the world?
yes
Is it true that berserk male syndrome in camelids is a problem caused by mishandling by humans and usually remedied by euthanasia?
yes
What camelid breed has one hump?
dromedary
Does creation mean parturition to camelids?
yes
Does crushing mean parturition to camelids?
no
Does unpacking mean parturition to camelids?
yes
Is the llama directly descended from the Vicuna?
no
What llamoid species is the largest?
llama
What fiber-bred, large animal species produces the finest and most expensive fiber in the world?
Vicuna
Are camelids scientifically classified as ruminants?
no
Are camelids alike ruminants in that they possess a dental pad and no upper incisors?
no
What type of placentation do camelids have?
diffuse
Does the camel hum aid in water conservation?
no
Are camelids the only mammals with normally oval-shaped, non-nucleated erythrocytes?
yes
Which bones make up the cannon bone of the camelids?
3rd and 4th metacarpals/metatarsals
Is ti true that camelids don’t have hooves but do have dewclaws (vestigial digits) that may need to be trimmed regularly?
no
Are camelids induced ovulators?
yes
What position do camelids mate in?
cush
Are camelids herbivores so that they can be fed the same kind of diet a small ruminant would be fed?
yes
What is the average gestation period in lamoids?
350 days
What is the normal temperature range for a camelid?
99-101.5 F
What is the normal pulse rate range for a camelid?
60-90 bpm
What sit eh normal respiratory rate for a camelid?
10-30 rpm
Is it true that camelids should be fed high-concentrate feed at all times?
no
What are the canines of male camelids called?
fighting teeth
Is twinning more common in llamas than in alpacas?
yes
Is the horse commonly used for dairy in the US?
no
Is “free stall” an example of a dairy cattle operation?
yes
Is “cow/calf” can example of a beef cattle operation?
yes
Is wool an agricultural product from caprines?
no
What species is Illinois the only top agricultural producer of?
swine
What is the biggest expense of any animal operation?
feed
What knot would be a good choice if you wanted to tie a live animal to a secure post or rail?
quick release
You have a length of rope and need to make a halter. What sit eh only knot you need to know how to tie in order to accomplish this?
bowline
You need to cast a sow. Which knot do you use to tie multiple lengths of rope together?
square knot
What is the animal’s personal space called?
flight zone
Where is the point of balance located on livestock species?
shoulder
Is it true that you should use the least amount of restraint necessary to dot he job safely, for the least amount of time necessary when working with large animals?
yes
Which side of the horse should we approach the horse from and start procedures on whenever possible?
left side/near side
Can a manual twitch be used on the tail of an adult horse?
no
What is the only anatomical location where we can use mechanical twitches on a horse?
muzzle
Before elevating the leg of a horse for any procedure what should you make sure?
horse is standing square
Is it true that foals should be “tripped” in order to get them down on the ground for restraint?
no
Should the mare be kept close by, within sight of a foal, but restrained when working with a foal?
yes
Is it true that the tail may be safely used to move, lift, and support a recumbent bovine?
no
What species can be restrained via “setting up”?
sheep
Can a secure knot be used to tie up a nose leader so it does’t slip out of place?
no
Where should a chain shank be placed?
over the nose, dorsal to the nostrils
How should the tail be elevated when “tail jacking” a cow?
dorsally, directly in midline
What form of restrain is used most commonly on beef cattle?
squeeze chute
Is it true that when an animal’s head is restrained in a head catch, that there is no range of being struck by the animal’s head?
no
What should you not grab when restraining sheep?
their wool
What are sheep predisposed to that must be kept in mind when restraining?
hyperthermia
When restraining and handling camelids should you approach calmly, avoid eye contact and get the rope around the neck to initially catch them?
yes
When is a breeding soundness exam performed?
just before breeding season
Is the breeding soundness exam used to determine how long the animal will be able to breed?
no
What is the normal fetal presentation of large animals?
front feet first then head
In what stage of labor is the fetus delivered?
stage 2
Are cattle seasonally polyestrous?
no
Which livestock species tends to come “into season” during the spring?
horses
When is not a good time to observe for signs of heat?
feeding time
What species has diminished estrus behavior response when the female cannot see, hear, or smell the intact male?
sheep
A female of what species will characteristically “wink” the vulva as a primary sign that she is in heat?
horses
What is the most common method of pregnancy diagnosis in swine?
transabdominal ultrasound
Brahman X Angus = Brangus is an example of what?
crossbreeding
Is oxytocin directly involved in mastitis?
no
What ist eh major hormonal influence during metestrus?
progesterone
How many mammary glands do horses have?
4
Which hormone is NOT a prerequisite for lactation?
testosterone
What is a stallion?
mature, intact male horse 3y or more
What kind of teeth are wolf teeth?
premolars
Removing the sharp points that develop not eh cheek teeth of a horse is called what?
floating
What is the left side of the horse also known as?
near side
What is the bony prominence between the ears of a horse called?
poll
What sit eh bone between the knee and fetlock joint of a horse called?
cannon
What is the prominent ridge where the neck and the back meet in a horse?
withers
What is the term for a young horse up to 1y?
foal
What is a mature intact female horse called?
mare
What is the term for a castrated male horse, castrated early in life before puberty?
gelding
One hand is equivalent to how many inches?
4
What is a mule?
female horse x male donkey
What is a colt?
intact male horse under 3 years
What is another name for the off side of a horse?
right side
What is a broodmare?
a mare used for breeding
What is a jack in terms of equids?
male donkey
What is a jenny in therms of equids?
female donkey
What is a hinny?
male horse x female donkey
A pony must be what height?
14.2 hh or less
What is a group of horses called?
herd
What is the speed in which a horse can move by lifting its feet in different order or rhythm?
gait
What is the act of parturition in a horse?
foaling
What do you call a male pony or gelding that is used to ID a female horse in heat?
teaser
What is the body part of the horse located between the stifle and hock?
gaskin
What is the joint between the forearm and the cannon bone called on a horse?
knee
What is the area joining the back to the croup called?
loin
Where is the true knee joint in horses?
stifle
Metacarpal//tarsal #2 and #4 are commonly known as what in horses?
splint bones
Metacarpal/tarsal #3 in horses in commonly known as what?
cannon bone
P2 in horses is more commonly known as what?
sort pastern bone
The distal sesamoid bone between P3 and P2 in horses is also known as what?
navicular bone
What instrument is used to clean the bottom of a horse’s hoof?
hoof pick
What instrument is used to clean caked-on mud off the horse but never in bony areas?
curry comb
What is the fleshy part on a horse that connects the neck to the lower jaw of the horse called?
throat latch
What ist eh joint that is formed but eh junction of the third metacarpal/metatarsak bone meed in the proximal phalanx in the horse known as?
fetlock
