final chp 13 cardio

Question 1

when does the cardiovascular system develop?

Answer 1

3rd week

-grow rapidly for nutrition requirements

Question 2

what are the four angioblasts?

Answer 2

• splanchnic mesoderm
• mesenchyme of the yolk sac
• mesenchyme of the umbilical cord
• mesoderm of the chorion

Question 3

what are some of the location for the formation of blood cells?

Answer 3

yolk sac 4th week
body and mesenchyme and blood vessel 5th week
liver 6th week
spleen, thymus and lymph 2-3 months
bone marrow 4th month

Question 4

during the 3rd week main blood vessels develop the paired longitudinal vessels become the?

Answer 4

dorsal aorta
anteriorly- aortic arches
posteriorly- heart primordia

Question 5

what do the second set of longitudinal blood vessels become during the 3rd week?

Answer 5

vitelline and umbilical veins

Question 6

what do the vitelline veins do?

Answer 6

returns blood from yolk sac

Question 7

what do the umbilical veins do?

Answer 7

brings blood from the chorion (placenta)

Question 8

what do the cardinal veins do?

Answer 8

returns blood from body

Question 9

what are the two thin walled endothelial tubes, that are a continuation of the first aortic arches, and eventually fuses to form a single tube?

Answer 9

endocardial heart tubes

Question 10

what give sthe heart its shape?

Answer 10

the bubus and ventricle grow faster then the rest of the heart

Question 11

what starts at the lower end of the heart?

Answer 11

the atrium, the growth moves it to the upper portion

Question 12

when does simple ebb and flow type of circulation begin?

Answer 12

22nd day

myogenic origin

Question 13

when does the heart have a unidirectional blood flow with contractions of the heart tube?

Answer 13

28-30 days

Question 14

what is the septum primum?

Answer 14

sickle-shaped crest roof of atrium

Question 15

what is the ostium primum?

Answer 15

opening between septum primum and endocardial cushion

Question 16

what is the ostium secundum?

Answer 16

opening in the septum primum

Question 17

during the 5th week the septum secundum appears, what is it?

Answer 17

right atrium incorporates part of the sinus , a new septum appears

Question 18

what is the oval foramen?

Answer 18

opening in the septum secundam

Question 19

what is the interatrial shunt?

Answer 19

before birth blood enters the right atrium from inferior vena cava to left atrium

Question 20

what percentage of the population doe sthe septum primum and septum secundam fuse?

Answer 20

75%

Question 21

in the 25% of the population that the septum primum and septum secundam does not fuse, what happens?

Answer 21

probe patency of the oval foramen occurs

Question 22

during the 5th week what forms in the walls of the truncus and bulbas?

Answer 22

ridges form in a spiral

Question 23

what is formed when the truncas and bulbas fuse?

Answer 23

spiral septum-aorticpulmonary septum

Question 24

the aorticpulmonary septum separates what?

Answer 24

the two channels?

Question 25

where does the cavum aorticum open into?

Answer 25

left ventricle

Question 26

where does the cavum pulmonare open into?

Answer 26

right ventricle

Question 27

the two cava separate what?

Answer 27

ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk

Question 28

where is the heart located in those affected with ectopic cordis?

Answer 28

either in the neck or through a diaphragmatic hernia

-limited life expectancy without surgery

Question 29

when affected with dextracardia, where is the heart located?

Answer 29

in the right hemithorax

-can occur alone though usually associated with other anomalies

Question 30

dextracardia with complete?

Answer 30

situs inversus

Question 31

uncomplicated ventricular septal defect is considered?

Answer 31

harmless

can have a spontaneous closure

Question 32

harsh systolic mumur associated with ventricular septal defect can be heard where?

Answer 32

Erb’s Point

Question 33

cyanosis caused by ventricular septal defect will cause?

Answer 33

blueing around the mouth, fingers, and toes

Question 34

chances of VSD?

Answer 34

6:10,000

Question 35

describe tetraology of fallout?

Answer 35

1. pulmonary stenosis
2. ventricular septal defect
3. overriding aorta
4. right ventricular hypertrophy