exam 3 chp 11

Question 1

the urinary system develops before what other closely related systme?

Answer 1

reproductive

Question 2

the kidneys excrete?

Answer 2

urine

Question 3

what carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder?

Answer 3

ureters

Question 4

what does the urinary bladder store?

Answer 4

urine

Question 5

what carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body?

Answer 5

urethra

Question 6

what are the three genes important for development?

Answer 6

Wilm’s tumor suppresor (WT1)
Sterodogenic factor 1
DAX1 gene

Question 7

mutations of the DAX1 gene will cause?

Answer 7

sex-linked X adrenal hypoplasia

Question 8

the urinary and genital system both develop from?

Answer 8

intermediate mesoderm

mesonnephric mesenchyme

Question 9

the intermediate mesoderm extends along the paraxial mesoderm from the 7th to the ____ somite level.

Answer 9

28th

Question 10

during development a longitudinal ridge develops from the ___________ mesoderm alontg the 7th to 28th somite level.

Answer 10

intermediate mesoderm

Question 11

during development a nephrogenic mass extends along the dorsal body wall of the?

Answer 11

embryo

Question 12

the longitudinal elevation of the mesoderm becomes the?

Answer 12

urogenital ridge

Question 13

the somites break up into segments aong the 7th to 14th level. the segments are known as?

Answer 13

nephrotomes

Question 14

the urogenital ridge forms on each side of the dorsal aorta and bulges into the?

Answer 14

coelum

Question 15

the urogenital ridge gives rise to what two systems?

Answer 15

urinary system- nephrogenic cord/ridge

genital system- genital ridge

Question 16

teh three distinct types of kidneys?

Answer 16

pronephros
mesonephros
metanephros

Question 17

development of the kidneys begins in what week?

Answer 17

the 3rd week

Question 18

the first set of kidneys that is rudimentary and nonfunctional?

Answer 18

Pronephroi

analog- found in developmental stages in fishes and amphibians

Question 19

the second set of kidneys that are well developed and function briefly?

Answer 19

mesonephroi

analog- the adult kidney of amphibians and fish

Question 20

which kidneys becomes the permanent kidneys?

Answer 20

metanephroi

Question 21

the urinary tubules are open and connect what two structures?

Answer 21

the coelom

the collecting duct

Question 22

the glomerulus projects into the?

Answer 22

coelom

external glomerulus?

Question 23

the closed tubules only open into the?

Answer 23

collecting ducts

Question 24

the closed tubules are associated with the?

Answer 24

gomerulus

internal glomerulus?

Question 25

the kidney that develops from the 7th to 10th somite level?

Answer 25

Pronephroi

Question 26

the kidney that is referred to as the head kidney?

Answer 26

pronephroi

Question 27

the kidney that develops open tubules with external glomeruli?

Answer 27

pronephroi

Question 28

the kidney that degenrates around the 4th week?

Answer 28

Pronephroi

Question 29

the kidney with 4 pairs of tubules?

Answer 29

pronephroi

Question 30

the kidney located at the 10-26th somite level?

Answer 30

mesonphroi

Question 31

the kidney that develops from the nephrogenic cord?

Answer 31

mesonphroi

Question 32

the kidney that opens into the excretory duct?

Answer 32

mesonephroi

Question 33

the excretory duct of this kidneys is known as the mesonephronic ducts?

Answer 33

mesonephroi

Question 34

the kidney with 38 pairs of tubules?

Answer 34

mesonephroi

Question 35

the kindey with closed tubules associated with internal glomerulus?

Answer 35

mesonephroi

Question 36

the tubules of this kidney have an S- shape?

Answer 36

mesonephroi

Question 37

which kidney is this? during the degeneration of the tubules from the cranial end, more are added to the caudal end?

Answer 37

mesonephroi

Question 38

some of the mesonephric tubules and duct remain in which sex?

Answer 38

Male becomes the genital duct system

Question 39

the mesonephric tubules are not retained in which sex?

Answer 39

female

Question 40

which are the permanent kidneys?

Answer 40

Metanephros

Question 41

which kidney develops in the 5th week?

Answer 41

metanehros

Question 42

which kidney develops from two sources?

Answer 42

metanephros

Question 43

what are the two sources that the metanephros kidneys develops from?

Answer 43

ureteric bud | metanephrogenic blastema

Question 44

what is derived from the mesonephric duct close to cloaca?

Answer 44

ureteric bud

Question 45

what is derived from caudal part of nephrogenic cord?

Answer 45

metanephrogenic blastema

Question 46

nephrogenic mass is located lateral to eth mesonephric duct at what somite level?

Answer 46

26th to 28th somites | tubules -branch

Question 47

the nephrons or urinary tubules are associated with the?

Answer 47

nephrogenic mass

Question 48

the duct system of the metanephros is located at what somite level?

Answer 48

28th somite

Question 49

what is the duct system of the metanephros composed of?

Answer 49

collecting ducts renal pelvis ureter ureteric bud

Question 50

what is the flat end of the ureteric bud of the metanephros?

Answer 50

renal pelvis

Question 51

major and minor calyces develop from?

Answer 51

renal pelvis

Question 52

branching of the minor calyces produces what?

Answer 52

collecting duct system

Question 53

what is the inner layer of the metanephric nephrogenic tissue composed of?

Answer 53

tubules/nephrons

Question 54

what is the outer layer of the metanephric nephrogenic tissue is composed of?

Answer 54

connective tissue

Question 55

each kidney has how many nephrons?

Answer 55

2 million

Question 56

the internal glomerulus is what type of tissue?

Answer 56

metanephric nephrogenic tissue

Question 57

tubules become?

Answer 57

nephrons

Question 58

kidneys in the fetus are located where?

Answer 58

pelvis area

Question 59

kidneys in the fetus are what texture?

Answer 59

lobulated later in development they smooth out

Question 60

development of the urinary bladder happens in what week?

Answer 60

7th week

Question 61

during the development of the urinary bladder the mesodermal mass divides the cloacal into the?

Answer 61

cloacal septum

Question 62

during urinary bladder development the dorsal cloacal becomes the?

Answer 62

rectum

Question 63

the urinary bladder with urogenital sinus?

Answer 63

ventral cloacal

Question 64

the allantois and bladder are?

Answer 64

continous

Question 65

the allantois becomes?

Answer 65

vestigial

Question 66

in fetus the allantois is the?

Answer 66

urachus

Question 67

in an adult the allantois is?

Answer 67

medial umbilical ligament

Question 68

the kidney at somites 7-10 and 4 pairs of tubules?

Answer 68

pronephros

Question 69

the kidney at somite 10-26 and 38 pair of tubules?

Answer 69

mesonephros

Question 70

the kidney at somite 26-28 and 2,000,000 tubules?

Answer 70

metanephros

Question 71

the bi lateral congenital malformation of the kidney that is compatible with intra-uterine life, but not compatible with post natal life?

Answer 71

renal agenesis | bilateral is potter syndrome

Question 72

the unilateral congenital malformation of the kidney that is an absence of a kidney and compatible with life?

Answer 72

renal agenesis

Question 73

the congenital malformation of the kidney that is an incomplete development, can be unilateral or bilateral, with bilateral can support intrauterine life but not post natal life?

Answer 73

renal hypoplasia

Question 74

what type of congenital cystic kidney is found in infants, early death, giant/spongy kidneys, and symmetrically enlarged?

Answer 74

type 1

Question 75

what type of congenital cystic kidney is when kidneys are variable in size and shape, unilateral and cysts grow larger with age?

Answer 75

type 2

Question 76

what type of congenital cystic kidney has normal and abnormal tissue, both kidneys are involved, cysts are small at birth, the kidneys enlrage with cysts, and found in trisomy 13,15,18,21,22?

Answer 76

type 3

Question 77

the type of congenital kidney malformation that has a urethral obstruction, cysts found in the collecting tubules, severe is fetal/neonate death, mild cases can be surgically repaired?

Answer 77

type 4

Question 78

the type of congenital kidney malformation that we might see in clinic, manifests in adult life, present before birth, onset in 40s death in 50s, low back pain, kidney infections?

Answer 78

type 5

Question 79

the malformation that is fusion at both ends/donut, tissue connecting the two kidneys/isthmus, cannot ascend and is located in lower lumbar area, etiology is trisomies 18,13-15,21 and turners?

Answer 79

horseshoe kidney

Question 80

horeshoe can possibly be linked to what three enviromental factors?

Answer 80

vitamin A deficieny radiation teratogenic agents

Question 81

the disorder that has many names, renal tumors in children, rapid growth of tumors and metastases, tumors originate in mesoderm, symptoms are facial features, vision, urinary problems?

Answer 81

Wilm's tumor

Question 82

Wilm's tumor suppressor is important for what?

Answer 82

proper kidney development