Final: Chapter 12 Flashcards
Pairs of spinal nerves
31
Number of vertebrae in each section of spine
7 cervical (neck) vertebrae 12 thoracic (chest) vertebrae 5 lumbar (lower back) vertebrae 5 sacrum (posterior pelvic girdle) vertebrae 4 coccyx (tail bone) vertebrae
3 curves of spine
Thoracic spine curves anteriorly (kyphotic)
Cervical & lumbar spine curve posteriorly (lordotic)
First 2 cervical vertebrae
atlas, axis
Which artery goes through Transverse vertebrae
Vertebral
Atlantooccipital joint
first joint - allows you to nod
Layers of Intervertebral discs
- Outer layer is annulus fibrosus
Nucleus pulposus- inner layer
Herniation
happens in flexion with rotation.
nucleus pulposus slips out of annulus
Protrusion
pressure on spinal nerve root
3 parts to rector spinae
Largest muscle
extends on each side of spinal column
Spinalis, longissimus and iliocostalis
Core neck muscles
longus colli
Sternocleidomastoid:
O: calvicle and manubrium I: mastoid pro N: CN XI and C2, C3 A: unilateral: side flexion to same and rotate to opposite* Bilateral: flex neck *
Splenius Capitis:
O: ligamentum nuchae, C7-T4
I: mastoid process, occipital bone
N: C4-8
A: unilateral: side flexion/ rotation same side. Bilateral: extension neck
Splenuis Cervicis:
O: sp. Process T3-6
I: transverse process C1-C3
N: C4-8
A: unilateral: side flexion/ rotation same side. Bilateral: extension neck
Rectus Abdominis:
O: crest of pubis
I: cartilage of 5th-7th ribs, xiphoid process
N: intercostal nerves T7-T12
A: flexion of trunk
External Oblique:
O: lower 8 ribs
I: anterior half of illium, inguinal lig, crest of pubis
N: intercostal T8-T 12, Iliohypogastric, ilioingguinal
A: unilateral side flex same side and rotate opposite side ( bicycle floor exercise)
Internal Oblique:
O: inguinal lig, anterio 2/3 illium, lumbar fascia
I: costal cart of 8-10 ribs, linea alba
N: intercostal T8-T 12, Iliohypogastric, ilioingguinal
A: unilateral side flex same side and rotate same side
Bilateral: flex
Transverse Abdominis:
O: inguinal lig, iliac crest, cartilage of lower 6 ribs, lumbar fascia
I: crest of pubis, linea alba
N:intercostal T8-T 12, Iliohypogastric, ilioingguinal
A: pulls umbilicus towards spine
Quadratus Lumborum:
O: post iliac crest
I: 12 rib, transverse process L1-L4
N: T12- L1
A: unilateral: side flexion same side. Bilateral: stabilizes spine
The innervation of the ext. onliques, internal obliques and trans abs is :
intercoastal nerves, Iliohypogastric, ilioingguinal
C4-C8 innervates
Splenius muscles
Cranial nerve #11:
Sternocleidomastoid
Anterior muscles that move head
Rectus capitis anterior
Longus capitis
Posterior muscles that move head
Splenius capitis
Trapezius, superior fibers
