Chapter 1 Flashcards
Kinesiology is defined as?
Study of motion and movement
Anatomic kinesiology
Study of human musculoskeletal system
Biomechanics
Application of mechanical physics to human motion
Anterosuperior &
Anterosuperior
In front and below
In front and above
Contralateral
Pertaining to opposite side
Ipsilateral
same side
Caudal
below another structure
Cephalic
above in relation to another
Volar
palm of hand or sole of foot
Anteroposterior or Sagittal plane
2 equal symmetrical haves. (left and a right)
Frontal plane
divides body into front and back
Transverse or Horizontal plane
divides body into top and bottom
5 functions of the skeleton:
- Protection of organs
- Maintain posture
- Movement
- Mineral storage for calcium and phosphorus
- Hemopoiesis- formation of blood
5 Types of bones:
- Long
- Short
- Flat
- Irregular
- Sesamoid
An example of a long bone
humerus or fibula
An example of a short bone
carpals, tarsals
An example of a flat bone
skull, scapula
An example of a irregular bones
pelvis, or ethmoid
An example of sesamoid bone
Patella
The periosteum is?
dense fibrous membrane covering surface of diaphysis
What is the purpose of collagen in bones?
Provides flexibility and strength in resisting tension
What are 3 processes that form joints?
condyle- femur, humerus
facet- in-between each vertebrae
head-femur, humerus
Some processes outside the joint, that ligaments, and muscles attach to are:
Epicondyle, process, spine, tubercles etc
An example of a tubercle
Greater/ lesser tubercle on the humerus
An example of a tuberosity
Tibia tuberosity
3 things that can be picked up with palpation:
Heat, swelling, pain
What type of joint is the tibiofemoral?
Hinge joint
Eversion
Turning sole outward
Inversion
turning sole inward
3 classification of joints:
Synarthrodial
Amphiarthrodial
Diarthrodial
Synarthrodial and example
immoveable joints ex. skull
3 classifications of amphiarthrodial:
slightly moveable joints
syndesmosis-
syndchondrosis
symphysis
syndesmosis:
bones that don’t touch at actual joint. ex. coracoclavicular joint
synchondrosis:
seperated by hyaline cartilage ex. cosotochondral joints of ribs
sysmphysis:
separated by fibrocartilage pad ex. symphysis pubis and intervertebral discs
6 types of diarthrodial joints:
Gliding joints: intercarpals Hinge: knee Pivot: radial-ulnar Knuckle joint: 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th metacarpophalangeal Saddle joint: 1st carpometacarpal Enarthrodial: hip and glenohumeral
Osteokinematic motion
motion of bones relative to 3 cardinal planes
Arthrokinematics
motion between articular surfaces
The 3 types of accessory motion:
Roll, spin and Glide
Some of the main features of a synovial joint are:
freely moveable synovial fluid hyaline cartilage covers surface ends asborb shock and protect bone able to move in one or more planes
