final Flashcards
six areas of neuroscience
neuroanatomy neurophysiology neurochemistry neuropathology neuropharmacology neuroendrocrinology
neuroanatomy
structure of the nervous system
neruophysiology
functions and activities of the nervous system
neurochemistry
chemical bases of neural activity
neuropathology
nervous system disorders
neuropharmacology
effects of drugs on neural activity
neuroendrociniology
interactions between nervous system and the endocrine system
Heritability
The genetically determined proportion of a trait’s variation among individuals in a population
sex linked gene
genes on the sex chromosome (x and y)
sex limited gene
both sexes have is but only physically show in one sex
epigenetics
the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change
Homozygous
Having two identical alleles for a trait
heterozygous
Describes an organism with two different alleles for a trait.
dominate
a gene that shows a strong effect in the heterozygous or homozygous condition( Huntingtons Disease)
recessive
A gene that shows strong effect only in the homozygous condition (you need identical alleles)
function of Astrocytes
remove waste, provide nutrients to neurons, blood brain barrier
parts of a neuron
cell membrane, cell body, dendrites, axon hillock, axon, myelin, nodes of ranvier, synapses, terminals
gray matter
somas of neurons that cluster together
whats the BBB
barrier around the blood vessels in the brain
Oligodenfrocyte
are responsible for many different locations
Myelination of CNS axons
Schwann cell
only responsible for one part of a cell
the myelination of PNS
white matter
axons that tend to travel together in bundles
3 primary divisions of the brain
forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain
medulla
regulates breathing, heart rate, salivation, coughing, and sneezing
- control exerted through cranial nerves to face and parasympathetic input to organs
- damage can be fatal
- opiates suppress so much that can stop breathing