Auditory System Flashcards
What are the 2 physical dimensions of sound?
Amplitude and Frequency
What is amplitude?
Loudness
What is frequency?
Pitch
What is timbre?
The perceptual quality when someone can notice different tones. Some can have the same amplitude and frequency but still sound different.
What is the speech banana?
The average amplitude and frequency of speech sound
Why does the middle ear need to amplify the intensity of the vibration caused by the sound wave?
When you are moving through the middle ear the vibration intensifies, this needs to happen so you have enough pressure to move the fluid in the cohlea
Describe the structure of the organ of corti. What/where are hair cells are?
Entire length of cochlea. Bunch of structural cells that hold in place the hair cells. The hair cells are what detects the movement. Respond to physicalenergy and respond by becoming depolarized and signaling the auditory fibers. Hair cells are between
List the 5 major stops of the auditory pathway (ending with A1).
1) Cochleaer nucleus (medulla)
2) Superior Olive (pons) – compares when sound reaches each ear
3) Inferior Colliculus (midbrain)- to know where sounds coming from
4) Thalamus- gets the info and send it
5) Primary auditory cortex (temporal lobe)- understanding perception
How does processing of sound change as you from A1 to auditory association cortex (think about complexity and lateralization)?
When you get to Association cortex you are then looking at rythem
Whats conductive hearing loss?
Trouble conducting vibration to hair cells
Whats sensorineural hearing loss?
nerve deafness- involves anything on the auditory pathway
Compare and contrast hearing aids and cochlear implants?
Hearing aid- amplify sounds, in chunks, enhance speech and diminish noise
Cochlear implants- Electrodes implanted in cochlea, stimulate auditory nerve fibers directly
The metasensation of flavor comes from what 2 sensory systems? In what part of association cortex is it processed?
Taste and Smell = flavor
Describe the McGurk effect and the rubber hand illusion.
How visual and auditory effect come together.
Video: What you hear also depends on what you see.
Lip reading
