Final 150 Part 1** Flashcards
Why did the Europeans come to America to colonize?
To seek riches(gold), and to find freedom in religion
Virginia Company
A joint-stock company that gained a charter to create Jamestown
Jamestown
The first successful colony in America
John Smith
The first Governor of Jamestown. Was a friend of the Powhatan tribe of Native Americans.
Pocahontas
The daughter of the Powhatan chief. Married John Rolfe.
John Rolfe
Taught the people of Jamestown how to grow Tobacco. Married Pocahontas.
Tobacco
Saved Jamestown
Bacon’s Rebellion
Shows that settlers were not content to stay on the coast
Plymouth Colony
Colony of the pilgrims
Pilgrims
Separatists who came to the colonies for religious freedom
Mayflower
Ship the pilgrims came on
Mayflower Compact
The rules and regulations of Plymouth
William Bradford
Leader of the pilgrims
Squanto and Samoset
Showed the pilgrims how to grow corn, beans, and squash.
Puritans
Protestants who wanted reform
Massachusetts Bay Colony
A puritan colony lead by John Winthrop
John Winthrop
Leader of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams
Disagreed with puritans and kicked out of Massachusetts Bay Colony. Formed Rhode Island
Salem Witch Trials
People accused of witchcraft killed on false pretenses
William Penn
Founder of Pennsylvania
Quakers
Tolerant of other religions and were pacifists
Pacifists
Someone that would not fight
James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony
Georgia
First Great Awakening
A religious revival in the colonies
Triangular Trade
System by which slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American colonies
Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon
Benjamin Franklin created all of them
John Peter Zenger Trial
John accused the governor of New York of corruption and was thrown in jail
Cause of French and Indian War
Great Britain and France both wanting to control the fur trade
Proclamation of 1763
Halted expansion west of the Appalachian mountains
The Sugar Act
Lowered tax on molasses
The Stamp Act
Placed tax on most printed materials in the colonies
The Boston Massacre
A fight between townspeople and British soldiers. Five people are killed
The Boston Tea Party
A group of colonists destroy tea to protest the Tea Act
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Closed the Boston Harber until the tea was paid for
Patrick Henry
Talks the House of a Burgess in to rebelling against the stamp act this Is one of the most anti British political actions from the colonies. He says “I am not a Virginian, but an American.”
Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty
Fought against British tyranny.
John Hancock
First person to sign the Declaration of Independence
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Calle for the colonies to have complete independence from Great Britain
Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance
July 4th, 1776, Philadelphia, Thomas Jefferson, explained why the colonies were forming a new nation
Cause of American Revolutionary War
Britain putting unfair taxations on the colonies
Loyalists
Colonists for Great Britain
Patriots
Colonists for America
Battles of Lexington and Concord
First battles of the revolutionary war. Shot heard around the world
Battle of Saratoga
Great Britain surrenders to America. Turning point of the war
Winter at Valley Forge
George Washington and troops are sick and hungry. Many died
Battle of Yorktown
Last major battle of the American Revolution
Benedict Arnold
Was a spy of Great Britain
Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war
George Washington
Marquis de La Fayette
French noble who lead troops to help America
Friedrich von Steuben
Trilled troops at Valley Forge
Francis Marion
Father of guerrilla warfare
guerrilla warfare
A hit and run war technique
Treaty of Paris 1783
Treaty that ended the American Revolution
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Created one territory north of the Ohio River and a East of the Mississippi River
Articles of Confederation
America’s 1st constitution. Didn’t work
Shays’ Rebellion
Uprising against taxation on poor farmers
The Great Compromise
Established the model for Congress
The 3/5 Compromise
Slaves counted as 3/5 of a person for representation
The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose
James Madison, 1787, outline American laws and government
Bill of Rights
1st 10 amendments of the Constitution
1st Amendment
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, petition, and press
2nd Amendment
Right to carry firearms.
“John Hilemon Amendment”
4th Amendment
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without due course of law
5th Amendment
Right to not give self incriminating evidence
6th Amendment
Protects against excessive bail
Three Branches of Government and their purpose
Legislative– makes laws
Executive– carries out laws
Judicial– upholds laws (is it constitutional?)
Whiskey Rebellion
Uprising against taxation powers of the federal government
Alexander Hamilton
Create the national bank. Create a plan to pay off war debts
Alien and Sedition Acts
Alien– allowed President to deport aliens
Sedition– crime to speak false criticism against the government
John Sevier
Tennessee’s first governor
Natchez Trace
Route for trade between Mississippi and Nashville
Marbury v Madison
Landmark court case that established judicial review.
Judicial review
Court nullify actions of other branches
McCulloch v Maryland
Maryland put a tax on the bank. Ruled unconstitutional. States had less power then the federal government.
