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8th History > Final 150 Part 1** > Flashcards

Final 150 Part 1** Flashcards

1
Q

Why did the Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

To seek riches(gold), and to find freedom in religion

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

A joint-stock company that gained a charter to create Jamestown

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3
Q

Jamestown

A

The first successful colony in America

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4
Q

John Smith

A

The first Governor of Jamestown. Was a friend of the Powhatan tribe of Native Americans.

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5
Q

Pocahontas

A

The daughter of the Powhatan chief. Married John Rolfe.

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6
Q

John Rolfe

A

Taught the people of Jamestown how to grow Tobacco. Married Pocahontas.

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7
Q

Tobacco

A

Saved Jamestown

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Shows that settlers were not content to stay on the coast

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

Colony of the pilgrims

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Separatists who came to the colonies for religious freedom

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11
Q

Mayflower

A

Ship the pilgrims came on

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12
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

The rules and regulations of Plymouth

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13
Q

William Bradford

A

Leader of the pilgrims

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14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Showed the pilgrims how to grow corn, beans, and squash.

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15
Q

Puritans

A

Protestants who wanted reform

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16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

A puritan colony lead by John Winthrop

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

Leader of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

Disagreed with puritans and kicked out of Massachusetts Bay Colony. Formed Rhode Island

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19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

People accused of witchcraft killed on false pretenses

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20
Q

William Penn

A

Founder of Pennsylvania

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21
Q

Quakers

A

Tolerant of other religions and were pacifists

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22
Q

Pacifists

A

Someone that would not fight

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23
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Georgia

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24
Q

First Great Awakening

A

A religious revival in the colonies

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25
Triangular Trade
System by which slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American colonies
26
Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon
Benjamin Franklin created all of them
27
John Peter Zenger Trial
John accused the governor of New York of corruption and was thrown in jail
28
Cause of French and Indian War
Great Britain and France both wanting to control the fur trade
29
Proclamation of 1763
Halted expansion west of the Appalachian mountains
30
The Sugar Act
Lowered tax on molasses
31
The Stamp Act
Placed tax on most printed materials in the colonies
32
The Boston Massacre
A fight between townspeople and British soldiers. Five people are killed
33
The Boston Tea Party
A group of colonists destroy tea to protest the Tea Act
34
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Closed the Boston Harber until the tea was paid for
35
Patrick Henry
Talks the House of a Burgess in to rebelling against the stamp act this Is one of the most anti British political actions from the colonies. He says "I am not a Virginian, but an American."
36
Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty
Fought against British tyranny.
37
John Hancock
First person to sign the Declaration of Independence
38
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Calle for the colonies to have complete independence from Great Britain
39
Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance
July 4th, 1776, Philadelphia, Thomas Jefferson, explained why the colonies were forming a new nation
40
Cause of American Revolutionary War
Britain putting unfair taxations on the colonies
41
Loyalists
Colonists for Great Britain
42
Patriots
Colonists for America
43
Battles of Lexington and Concord
First battles of the revolutionary war. Shot heard around the world
44
Battle of Saratoga
Great Britain surrenders to America. Turning point of the war
45
Winter at Valley Forge
George Washington and troops are sick and hungry. Many died
46
Battle of Yorktown
Last major battle of the American Revolution
47
Benedict Arnold
Was a spy of Great Britain
48
Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war
George Washington
49
Marquis de La Fayette
French noble who lead troops to help America
50
Friedrich von Steuben
Trilled troops at Valley Forge
51
Francis Marion
Father of guerrilla warfare
52
guerrilla warfare
A hit and run war technique
53
Treaty of Paris 1783
Treaty that ended the American Revolution
54
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Created one territory north of the Ohio River and a East of the Mississippi River
55
Articles of Confederation
America's 1st constitution. Didn't work
56
Shays’ Rebellion
Uprising against taxation on poor farmers
57
The Great Compromise
Established the model for Congress
58
The 3/5 Compromise
Slaves counted as 3/5 of a person for representation
59
The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose
James Madison, 1787, outline American laws and government
60
Bill of Rights
1st 10 amendments of the Constitution
61
1st Amendment
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, petition, and press
62
2nd Amendment
Right to carry firearms. | "John Hilemon Amendment"
63
4th Amendment
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without due course of law
64
5th Amendment
Right to not give self incriminating evidence
65
6th Amendment
Protects against excessive bail
66
Three Branches of Government and their purpose
Legislative-- makes laws Executive-- carries out laws Judicial-- upholds laws (is it constitutional?)
67
Whiskey Rebellion
Uprising against taxation powers of the federal government
68
Alexander Hamilton
Create the national bank. Create a plan to pay off war debts
69
Alien and Sedition Acts
Alien-- allowed President to deport aliens | Sedition-- crime to speak false criticism against the government
70
John Sevier
Tennessee's first governor
71
Natchez Trace
Route for trade between Mississippi and Nashville
72
Marbury v Madison
Landmark court case that established judicial review.
73
Judicial review
Court nullify actions of other branches
74
McCulloch v Maryland
Maryland put a tax on the bank. Ruled unconstitutional. States had less power then the federal government.

8th History (25 decks)

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