Chapter 4 Flashcards
What was the main economic activity in all colonies?
Farming
What is subsistence farming?
Producing just enough food to meet the needs of your family
What is commercial agriculture?
When large amounts of crops are produced to make profits
Why did New England farmers practice subsistence farming?
Because of longer winters and rocky soil
What were the two main industries of the New England colonies?
Fishing and Shipbuilding
What is the triangular trade?
A system in which slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American Colonies
What was the name of the slave transporting leg of the Triangular Trade?
The middle passage
Where was the hub of the shipping trade in America?
New England
What is a cash crop?
Crops that were easily sold in markets
What were the two main cash crops of the Middle Colonies?
Wheat and oats
Which colonial region was known for its diverse population of German and Scotch-Irish citizens?
The middle colonies
What was the main cash crop in Virginia and Maryland?
Tobacco
What was the main cash crop in Georgia and South Carolina?
Rice
What did rice and tobacco have in common (why slaves were used to harvest them)?
They were labor intensive
What is supply and demand?
The amount of produce and the quantity of buyers
What were the strict rules governing the behavior and punishment of slaves in the colonies?
Slave codes
How did England view the colonies economically?
As a resource
How do you make money on trade?
Export more than you import
What was important about the Navigation Acts?
They ensured that England made money off of colonial trade
What established a limited government in the 13th century and inspired the US Constitution?
The Magna Carta
Who was allowed to vote in the mid 1700’s in the colonies?
White men who owned property
What was the religious revival that swept through the colonies?
The Great Awakening
What was the Enlightenment?
The belief that knowledge, science, and reason could improve society
What was the name of the book Benjamin Franklin wrote after being inspired by the Enlightenment?
Poor Richards Almanack
Who was the newspaper publisher that was charged with a crime for accusing the governor of New York of being
corrupt?
John Peter Zenger
The John Peter Zenger Trial dealt with what personal liberty?
Freedom of the press
Where is the land area that the British and French fought over because of the fur trade?
The Ohio River Valley
What was the most powerful group of Native Americans in the East?
The Iroquois Confederacy
Who was sent to tell the French to leave the Ohio River Valley and struck the first blow against the French?
George Washington
What is a militia?
A group of citizens trained to fight in emergencies
What did the Albany Plan of Union want to do?
Have one general government
What was the name of the political cartoon that encouraged the colonies to approve the Albany Plan of Union?
Join or Die
What was the name of the war between the French and British in Europe?
The Seven Year War
What is the name of the fort that the Cherokee burned down in modern day Tennessee?
Loudon
What was the most important victory for the British in the F and I War?
The battle of Quebec
What did the Treaty of Paris 1763 do?
Ended the F and I war and ended French power in North America
Who was the Ottawa chief who believed the British were threatening their way of life?
Pontiac
What did the Proclamation of 1763 do?
Halted western expansion by the colonists
Why were many colonists upset over the Proclamation of 1763?
Because they had already bought land a crossed the Appalachian Mountains
